32 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2nd s. VIII. JuM 9. '59. 



" Baronets. 



" Knights, when and where made." 



The baronets are nine in number : — 



"John Read, created in 1656. 

 John Cleypole, 

 Thomas Chamberlayn 

 Thomas Beaumont 

 John Twistleton, 

 Henry Ingoldsby, 

 Henry Wright, 

 Edmund Duneh, 

 Griffith Williams, 



] 



Vin 1658. 



in 1657 and 1655. 



The knights are twenty 

 6,7,8:- 

 "Sir Thomas Viner. 



John Copleston. 



John Reynolds. 



Christopher Pack. 



Thomas Pride. 



John Barkstead. 



Richard Combe. 



John Dethiclc. 



Greorge Fleetwood. 



William Lockhart. 



James Calthrop. 



Robert Tichborn. 



Lislebone Long. 



James Whitlock. 



Thomas Dickeson. 



-nine, created 1653, 5, 



' Sir Richard Stainer. 

 John Cleypole, Bart. 

 William Wheeler. 

 Edward Ward. 

 Thomas Andrews. 

 Thomas Foot. 

 Thomas Atkin. 

 John Huson. 

 James Drax. 

 Henry Pickering. 

 Philip Twisleton. 

 John Lenthal. 

 John Ireton. 

 Henry Jones." 



" Sic transit gloria mundi," well concludes the 

 catalogue. 



Sir Peter Coyett, mentioned by Ith0eiel, is not 

 in this printed list. L. H. 



[^Belater-Adime will perceive that the name of Sir 

 Oliver Fleraming is not included in the above list of 

 Crom well's knights. — Ed,] 



THE OBIGIN OF THE CUBVED FOBM OF THE OLD 

 DIVISIONS OF IiAKD. 



■ (2"'» S. vii. 373.) 



It seems to me not improbable that some light 

 may be thrown on this question by the following 

 extract from the treatise De Househondria (folio, 

 159 &.), belonging to the time of Edward II., and 

 contained in the Liber Horn, which forms part 

 of the archives at Guildhall. 



From this it would appear, that it was the cus- 

 tom in those times to plough round and round the 

 long strips of land that constituted their parcels 

 or acres, gradually approaching the centre, and 

 not up and down, as at present. That there 

 would be a tendency to cut off corners is obvious, 

 and in lapse of time, by dint of gradual curtail- 

 ment, the parcel of land would be not unlikely, on 

 one side at least, to lose its angular form, and 

 assume a curvilinear one. I make the suggestion, 

 however,^ with diffidence, and hardly anticipate 

 that it will give any new information to your cor- 

 respondent G. A. C. 



" Cumbien des Acres une oharne poet sustenir par an. — 

 " Ascune gents dient qe une charue ne poet mye sus- 



tenir par an clxxxx acre?, ne clxxx acres ; e jeo vous 

 monstray, par deus resouns, qe cy poet. Bien savetz 

 vous, ke une acre de cotoure deit estre de xl perches de 

 lunge, e iiii perches de lee ; e la perche le Roy deit estre 

 de xvi pees e demy, e done ert lacre delxvi pees deleesse. 

 Ore, en arraunt, aletz xxxiii feetz entour, e princes le 

 reon de un pee de lee, adonc yert lacre arree ; mes aletz 

 xxxvi feetz entour, pur fere le reon plus estreit. E quant 

 lacre j-ert arree, a done estes alee Ixxii cotoures, ke sunt 

 vi liwes ; cestassavoir, ke xii cotoures font une liwe. E 

 mout serroit povere le cheval ou le boef ke ne poet aler 

 du matyn belement le pas treis liwes de voye de sun 

 rescet, e retourner a noune." 



The reon here mentioned seems to include in its 

 breadth the furrow and its accompanying ridge. 

 The liwe is evidently the ancient leuca of 480 

 perches or 2640 yards ; the cotoure or culture 

 being 220 yards in length. Though probably not 

 required by the great majority of the readers of 

 " N. & Q ," the following translation, it is be- 

 lieved, will convey the meaning of the passage;— 



" Some persons say that one plough cannot serve 190 

 acres each year, nor yet 180; and I will show you, by 

 two modes of proof, that it can. Be it well known to 

 3'ou, that one acre of plough-land ought to be 40 perches 

 long, and four perches in breadth ; the King's perch too 

 should be 16 feet and a half [long], and then the acre 

 will be 66 feet in breadth. Then, in ploughing, go 33 

 times round, and, taking the reon at one foot in breadth, 

 the acre will be ploughed ; but go [in this case] 36 times 

 round, so as to make the reon still more narrow. And 

 when the acre is ploughed, you will have gone 72 cul- 

 tures, or six leuca ; for be it known, that 12 cuUurce make 

 one luctB. And very poor must the horse or ox be, that 

 cannot easily go in the morning three leucw from its 

 home without stopping, and at noon-tide be on its re- 

 turn." 



In farther elucidation of this subject, it may be 

 worth enquiry whether the word reon is not akin 

 to the old French adjective reond (from the Latin 

 rotundus) owing to its curvilinear form. Possibly, 

 however, the "word raditcsmaj have been its root. 

 Heitrt Thomas Bilet. 



CLAPPING PBATEB-BOOKS ON GOOD FBIDAT. 



(2"'i S. vii. 515. ; viii. 19.) 



This custom must be a remnant of the Catholic 

 ceremony in Holy Week. It is not necessary to 

 go to Rome, or out of our own island, to witness 

 it. In every Catholic church where the ceremo- 

 nies of Holy Week can be properly carried out, 

 this will be found duly observed at the end of 

 Tenehrce, not only on Good Friday, but on Wed- 

 nesday and Maunday Thursday evenings also. 

 The triangular candlestick then used holds, not 

 thirteen candles only, but fifteen, which corre- 

 spond with the number of psalms in the office of 

 Matins and Lauds then recited. At the end of 

 each psalm one candle is extinguished, and at the 

 end the one at the top of the triangle is taken out 

 still lighted, and concealed behind the altar, while 

 the canticle Benedictus is said, followed by the 



