2nas.Vin. July9. '59.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



35 



of her interment remain in existence, and some 

 extracts, in which are included "sugar, rawles, 

 sack, and horse-meats," were published in the 

 Norfolk ArchoEology, vol. iv. p. 364. 



H. D'AVENET. 



The Arrows of Harrow (2"* S. viii. 17.)— With- 

 out condescending to comment upon the nonsen- 

 sical supposition of one of your querists, who 

 " hoped that it was no disregard to the letter h ! " 

 which induced the adoption of the crossed arrows, 

 or arrows in saltire as the heralds have it, as the 

 arms of the school, I am tempted to endeavour to 

 trace the origin of that device, and to submit 

 what are the facts in support, as far as may be, of 

 my theory. 



Your correspondent E. L. tells us that he was 

 at Harrow long before Dr. Butler's day, and that 

 he has prize books, obtained by himself, stamped 

 with the crossed arrows. The theory, there- 

 fore, of your correspondent H. (2"'' S. vii. 463.), 

 that the practice was introduced by Dr. Butler, 

 falls to the ground. I can confirm this statement 

 of E. L. In 1788 an uncle of mine gained several 

 such prizes, all stamped with the arrows. In 1778, 

 an elder uncle of mine gained several similar 

 prizes, all stamped in a similar manner. Now my 

 impression is (and there may yet be living some 

 older Harrovians who are able to support this 

 theory), that, on the suppression of the archery 

 meetings in 1771, and the substitution of the 

 speeches, the arrows were adopted in allusion to 

 the abandoned custom. At the same time if 

 prize books were given for exercises contempo- 

 raneously with the practice of the archery (and 

 which is as old as the foundation of the school), 

 this heraldic bearing may be coeval with the 

 school itself. Query, then, are there any prize 

 books in existence, the bindings of which are so 

 stamped, and which can be shown to be of a date 

 anterior to 1771 ? C. E. Long. 



Woodroof (2""* S. viii. 13.)— Is it worth while 

 to inform S. C. C, that if he contemplates indulg- 

 ing in that seductive beverage, Mai-trank, or 

 Mai-wein, he must take the youngest greenest 

 shoots of the woodroof when it first shoots up 

 under the shade of trees in the spring. I saw it 

 " advertised" in a window in the Hay Market last 

 week, but I should think that at this time the 

 Waldmeister is rather too old. At the same time, 

 the German plant seems to my unbotanical eye 

 somewhat difierent from our woodroof. Some 

 German botanist could settle the Query. „ 



G. H. K. 



Woodroof is found wild in many parts of Eng- 

 land, and does not differ from that commonly used 

 in Germany to make the refreshing Mai-tranh, or 

 May-drink, so well known both in Germany and 

 Belgium. If it could be proved that the old 

 English name of woodrufTe, or woodroof, was 



wood-reeve, this would be a literal translation of 

 its German name, Waldmeister, or master of the 

 wood : so called probably because, when it has 

 once taken possession of the soil in shady places, 

 it spreads to a great extent. Reeve, as your 

 readers doubtless know, is a word still in use, 

 particularly in Scotland ; where it is applied to 

 an overseer or bailiff. From the word reeve comes 

 sheriff, shire, reave. 



In making the May-drink the leaves of black- 

 currants, balm, and peppermint, are sometimes 

 mixed in less proportions with the woodruffe. 

 A handful of the mixture is amply sufficient for a 

 quart of white Rhine wine, mixed to taste with 

 white sugar and water. 



Many salutary plants are found among the 

 Rubiaceee, to which order woodruflFe, or Asperxda 

 odorata, belongs : Rubia tinctorium, or madder, 

 still in great repute in Germany as a cure for dis- 

 eases of the bones, and all the varieties of Cin- 

 chona, from which preparations of bark and 

 quinine are made, belong to this useful class of 

 plants. N. D. 



Minstrels' Gallery in Cathedrals (2"* S. vii. 

 496.) — At the west end of the north aisle of 

 Winchester Cathedral is a gallery, filling up a 

 whole bay, under the arch, but not projecting into 

 the central part of the nave. It was built by 

 Wykeham, as it would seem, from his arms in the 

 spandrils and bosses. And it is now used as the 

 consistory court and record ofBce of the diocese. 

 Milner calls it a " tribune." It may be interest- 

 ing to R. J. K. to know that the gallery at Exeter 

 is not the only example in England. 



B. B. Woodward. 



Haverstocji Hill. 



It dolPnot exactly answer the inquiry made 

 by R. J. K. to state, that the easternmost portion 

 of the cathedral-church of Lincoln has commonly 

 obtained the name of the Angel Choir, from the 

 spandrils of the triforium arches being adorned 

 with figures of angels, many of which are sound- 

 ing or playing musical instruments. But the re- 

 semblance of these figures to those described by 

 R. J. K. in the Minstrels^ Gallery in Exeter 

 Cathedral, suggests an idea that both may have 

 been originally dedicated to the same purpose. 

 The Angel Choir at Lincoln is supposed to have 

 been erected about 1282. There is in Worces- 

 ter Cathedral a contemporaneous work of similar 

 arrangement, but which has been lamentably 

 effaced by the iconoclasts of the seventeenth cen- 

 tury. The figures in Lincoln Cathedral are in a 

 state of nearly perfect preservation ; they are 

 thirty in number, all of very excellent workman- 

 ship, and some of them of great energy of position, 

 action, and expression. A full description of this 

 beautiful work of art, with engravings of the 

 thirty figures of angels, is given in the proceed- 



