246 MR. E. W. BINNEY ON THE PERMIAN BEDS 



bed previously described at the Bedford Colliery, and would 

 appear to prove that the conglomerate at the latter place 

 occurred on the top of the lower new red sandstone. They, 

 therefore, are most probably the representatives of the 

 Norbury and Cheetham Weir Hole beds. The marls and 

 sandstone, both which I consider as permian, rest on upper 

 coal-measures of a red colour, seen in the dam of the 

 London and Manchester Plate Glass Company. When this 

 dam was making I found fossil shells of the genus Modiola, 

 so often met with in the upper coal-measures. Next come 

 on the red clays, parted by thin bands of variegated grits 

 seen in the Sutton Railway cutting. These red coloured 

 strata I could not measure, but Mr. Smith informed me 

 that Mrs. Hughes had bored in her field north of the 

 Liverpool and Manchester Railway to the depth of 80 

 yards without meeting with any seam of coal of a work- 

 able thickness. They dip to the east-south-east, at an 

 angle of 17°. At the workhouse Bridge across the line is 

 seen a fault that brings up coal-measures of the middle coal- 

 field, which appear dipping south-south-west at an angle of 

 16°. Thus an anticlinal axis is formed, with trias, permian 

 and coal measures of the upper field, the latter resembling 

 the North Staffordshire beds, and like them having been 

 long worked as clays for the manufacture of coarse pottery, on 

 the east side, and middle coal-measures on the western side. 

 In the fault the clays and grits are much altered, as if by the 

 efiects of pressure and heat. On proceeding towards the west 

 the coal-measures dip less and less, until they become nearly 

 level, when they disappear under the drift. The upper new 

 red sandstone is not seen on the railway, but at Thatto 

 Heath, to the north of the line, it occurs as a strong 

 conglomerate, dipping westwards, and continues as far as the 

 station at Kenrick's Cross. 



