Mr H. Goodsir on the Sexes of the Cirripeds^ 8fC, 91 



From the above observations, then, it will be seen that the 

 animal which has heretofore been considered as a hermaphro- 

 dite, has organs of generation essentially female, and that im- 

 pregnating organs are altogether awanting. The conclusions, 

 therefore, which we are bound to draw from these observations, 

 are, first, that the Cirripeda are not hermaphrodites, that the 

 sexes must be separate ; and second, that the male must exist 

 as a separate and distinct individual. 



Mr J. V. Thompson, whose opinion is of the greatest weight 

 in regard to the history of these animals, says, when speaking 

 of the small crustaceous-like animal which he afterwards 

 found to be the larva of the Balanus, — *' Circumstances induced 

 a belief that they were the larva or disguised state of some 

 crustaceous animals, or, (as it had been previously ascertained, 

 that the Cirripedes were Crustacea), that they were the males 

 of these, not being disposed to believe that the two sexes were 

 united in the same individual. In favour of this idea, too, it 

 may be observed, that the males of many Crustacea are remark- 

 ably less in size and different in aspect, as in the Caligi and 

 Bopyri, and also that in some they are rarely met with, and 

 only at a particular season." Again, the same author says, 

 *' From a consideration of the whole history of these animals, 

 are we to conclude that they have the sexes united ? A fact 

 so much at variance with what we see in all the rest of the 

 Crustacea may authorize a degree of scepticism." 



Having then satisfied myself that the Cirripedes were not 

 hermaphrodites, and seeing, at the same time, that, in as far 

 as the young or larva were concerned, these animals were 

 really crustaceous, and having also these statements of Mr J. 

 V. Thompson's before me, I was led to suppose that the sexes 

 were distinct, and that the male animal would be found to re- 

 semble that of the lower Syphonostomous Crustacea, such as 

 the Lernaea, &c.* The male of the Lernsea is always found 



* Professor Edward Forbes of tho King's College, London, in a course of lec- 

 tures on Zoology delivered by him in Edinburgh during the years 1840-41, 

 drew an analogy between the Lernaeae and the Pedunculated Barnacles, in so far 

 as regards the external oviducts of the former, and the pedicles of the latter, both 

 of these organs being considered by him as parts of the organs of generation, — 

 receptacles for the purpose of bringing the ova more safely to a state of maturity. 



