or Raised Beaches in Scotland^ ^c. 281 



mity. It terminates toward the river in a precipitous bank of 

 sand and gravel, about 120 or 130 feet above the stream. 



On the other side of the river, and right opposite, is an iso- 

 lated hill of sand and gravel, called Tor Hill, with steep sides, 

 and with a villa upon its summit. The top of this hill is a 

 few feet under the plateau of Haughend. It stands in the 

 middle of the valley with low ground on both sides of it ; its 

 length, as might be expected, is in the direction of the stream ; 

 and if the water rose thirty feet above its present level, the 

 hill would be an island. There is probably a nucleus of rock 

 under the sand and gravel. 



On the same side of the river opposite the Cathedral, is 

 another remnant of the plateau, projecting from the mountains 

 which bound the valley on the south. It is about half a mile 

 in length, and a furlong in breadth. The farm-house of Clay- 

 potts stand upon it. It declines slightly from the mountain, 

 but its surface is otherwise as smooth and uniform as a sea- 

 beach. A detached portion of it covered with wood is within 

 200 yards of the bridge. There are similar terraces farther 

 up the valley, as I shall state presently, and they all consist 

 of alluvial matter, sand and fine water- worn gravel, such as 

 we find on the sea-beach. The hill of Torwood, and the ter- 

 races of Haughend and Claypotts, are not exactly in one line^ 

 but uneven portions of the last do in truth extend as far east- 

 ward as the two first, and the small difference of position does 

 not affect the argument. 



This diagram is a section across the valley of the Tay. 



«, the terrace of Haughend, 120 or 130 feet above the Tay 

 at Dunkeld, and probably 10 or 15 more at the east end, ow- 

 ing to the falls in the stream. ?•, the bed of the river. The 

 terrace abuts against the steep crag h. 



by Tor Hill, an isolated eminence with a villa upon it. 



c, the terrace of Claypotts, very nearly of the same height 

 as a. It stands forward from the hill k, and presents a steep 

 escarpment of sand and gravel towards the river. 



