144 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2»'»S. Ko84., Aug. 28. 



Unnoted let y^ Place appear, 



Least impious Hands insult Her There. 



Who by strong Paradox, 'tis said, 



Was dead when Living, and now Lives when dead. 



But what's most impious and incredible, 



By her Defender deserted. 



By her ffathers persecuted. 



By her Children murthered. 

 She, who had long withstood y" Gates of Hell, 

 A victim to fFanatick numbers fell. 



Say, wouldst thou know 



The scene of so much woe ? 

 Behold these Plains 

 Whose Monarch by Republick Counsels Reigns, 

 Whose Perjur'd Clergy quit y* Churches cause, 

 Whose Legislators violate y" Laws. 

 She m ill Nov. 5, 1688. 

 Dyed Dec. 6. 1705. W" Ch. out of Danger. 



ETTMOL0GIB8. 



Marigold. — ■ Shakspeare has (Cymb., Act II. 

 Sc. 3.) : 



" And winking Mary-bpds begin 

 To ope their golden eyes." 



From this we may conclude that the original 

 name was M^ry-bud, or Mary-flpwer, synonymous 

 terms. But why was it go callec} ? Johnson, in a 

 careless sort of w^'Ji says these n^ay have a refer- 

 ence to the Virgin Mary. I thipk. on the contrary, 

 that it was with Mary Magdalen th^t this flower 

 was copnected. This Mary is always represented 

 as a mourner gpieving for hep sins, and in con- 

 stant attepdance on our Lord, the Sun of righte- 

 ousness ; ai>d the marigold, yte see, was connected 

 with the sun, in whose abseRce it was closed. We 

 may further observe, that its napie in French is 

 souci, in Portuguese saiidade, terms ej^pressive of 

 mournipg and regret. I would recorpmefjd the 

 subject tQ those who are better qualified than I 

 am to pur^ije it. A punous article might be 

 written on the connection of the names of plants, 

 flowers, &c., with those of persons. I must, in 

 fine, add my protest to those of scholars in general 

 against the shameful jpanper in which the cha- 

 racter of this most respectable woinan has been 

 taken away, in jnal^ing her, without even the 

 shadow of a proof, and against all evidence, to 

 have been a womp^n of loose Ijfe, Unfortunate 

 women are called Magdalens ; we have Magdalen 

 asylums, and even the adjective Maudlin, to de- 

 note the lacrymosity of drunkards, and such like. 

 Bud, — I have hinted above that this word was 

 nearly synonymous with /lower. It is evidently 

 80 in the place there quoted, and in Loves Labour 

 Lost (Act V. Sc. 2.), along with daisies, vjojets, 

 and lady-smocks, we have " cuckoo-buds of yellow 

 hue;" and in Sonnet 99. — 



•' And buds of marjoram had stolen thy hair." 



But I believe the original sense of the word was 

 that which it still retains in rose-bud. In Shak- 

 speare I. |;nd it almost always used of flowers 

 alone, and I have not examined oth^r writers. 

 The derivation I take to be bout (Fr.), " end," 

 &e., noting the termination of the stalk. It is 

 true i h^ve met with no instance of the employ- 

 ment of bout in this sense, but it may have been 

 so employed in the middle ages. At all events, 

 the diminutive bouton has this sense, and it may 

 have been clipped, like some other words, by the 

 English. 



Wormwood. — This is an instance of the prac- 

 tice, to which I have more than once adverted, of 

 giving foreign and other words a form which has 

 a meaning, though literally a wrong one. The 

 Anglo-Saxon term, still to be found in Wicklyfl", 

 is ivermod (from pems, weary, depressed, and 

 mob, mind), i, e. melancholy, answering to its 

 German name wermuth, which may be i. q. schiver- 

 muth. 



Titmouse. — It seems strange that a bird, and 

 if not a bat, should be called a mouse. The reason 

 I take to be as follows : — Among our ancestors, 

 mouse was a term of endearment. In the Knight 

 of the Burning Pestle, the favourite term for his 

 wife with the Citizen is mouse, and Hamlet says 

 to his mother (Act III. Sc. 4 ) : 



*' Let the bloat king tejupt you again to bed ; 

 Pinch wanton on your cheek j call you his mouse." 



Now the Parus, or titmouse, is a little bird very 

 " familiar to man,'' and fond of keeping about his 

 dwelling, and so becoming a kind of favourite, he 

 was called mouse ; and, on account of his size, tit, 

 (which is only another form of little, tittle, in fact, 

 being little) ; and then (by the alliteration which 

 gave robin-redbreast, willy-wagtail, jack-daw), 

 tom-titmouse, and so, finally, tomtit. We have, by 

 the way, tit again in titlark and tit-warbler. I pre- 

 sume that tittlebat is merel}' a corruption of stickle- 

 back. We have also tit, a little horse, and then a 

 young girl ; and a " tit bit" is a nice small delicate 

 portion of food. Thos. KfiiGHTi-Br. 



ST. MAEGABEt's AKD ST. MAHTIu's, WESTMINSTER. 



The following document strikes me as curious, 

 not only on account of its purport, but also for 

 the circumstances which it incidentally mentions. 

 Henry VIII., it appears, had recently enclosed 

 some lands in the parish of St. Martin-in-the- 

 Fields, and made them into a royal park. A por- 

 tion of the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, 

 at that time lay on the north side of the king's 

 palace, apparently stretching along the Strand to 

 St. Clement's church ; and this circumstance oc- 

 casioned considerable inconvenience to the Court, 

 as the bodies of those who died in the northern 



