2n« S. No 39., Skm. 27. '56.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



257 



mother of the present duke, a daughter of the 

 liouse of Choiseul-Gouffier. Mr. Lower will find 

 further information in Burke's Extinct Peerage^ 

 under the head of "Fitz-James, Duke of Ber- 

 wick," and in the Annuaire de la Noblesse de 

 France for 1844 and 1852. The right of the 

 present duke to bear the arms of England is no 

 doubt derived through the grant made to his an- 

 cestor when the Dukedom of Berwick was created. 



Jas. Ckosbt. 



Forensic Wit {1""^ S. ii. 168. 238.) — Accord- 

 ing to my tradition, the lines were addressed to 

 Garrow — " Garrow forbear," &c. Which is cor- 

 rect, Pell or Garrow ? 



" On Serjeants-at-Law. 



" The Serjeants are a grateful race, 

 Their robes and speeches shew it, 

 Their purple robes all come from Tyre, 

 Their arguments go to it." 



" Oh two Physicians attending in the Court of Chancery. 



" Two learned doctors took their stand 

 At Chancery's lingering bar ; 

 They go not to the Common Pleas, 

 For there Recoveries are." 



Who does not remember Shakspeare's play 

 upon fines and recoveries ? 



" Is this the fine of his fines and recovery of his re- 

 coveries to have his fine pate full of fine dirt." — Hamlet, 

 Act V. Sc. 1. 



Modern legislation has made an end of fine, 

 and doctors may now go to the Common Pleas, for 

 there recoveries are not. J. W. Fakbeb. 



The Greek Cross (2""^ S. ii. 190.) — This term 

 is applied to the form of the Greek X (chi), the 

 initial letter of Xpicrros (Christ) ; whilst tlie term 

 Latin cross is given to the form of the obelisk f, 

 the representation of the cross of Christ. The 

 form of the Greek cross as given by your corre- 

 spondent (X), with the lower transverse bar 

 placed diagonally, indicates " Christ on the cross," 

 and is rudely equivalent to a crucifix, this bar 

 placed across the upright shaft forming the letter 

 X for Christ. 



The supposition of the Russian priest, that the 

 Saviour's feet were not nailed to the cross, has no 

 foundation in fact. The Psalm (xxii.) which our 

 Saviour repeated on the cross, commencing " My 

 God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me ?" con- 

 tains in the 16th verse the expression " they 

 pierced my hands and my feet," and in Luke 

 (xxiv. 39, 40.) Jesus refers to his hands and feet 

 to identify himself to his disciples as the cru- 

 cified Saviour. Both Gregory Nazianzen and 

 Cyprian concur in the Hailing of the Savioui-'s 

 feet, differing only as to whether one nail or two 

 were used ; the latter, however, who affirms that 

 a nail was driven through each foot, is the better 

 authority, as he had personally witnessed cruci- 



fixions* (Jahn, Archaol. iii. s. 260.); and he is 

 confirmed by Plautus (Mostellaria, ii. i. 12.). 



" Ego dabo ei talentum, primus qui in crucem excucurrerit : 

 Sed ea lege, ut affigantur his pedes, his brachia." 



Compare Tertullian against the Jews, c. 1. and 

 against Marcion, iii. 19. T. J. Buckton. 



Lichfield. 



As I was looking through a very fine Greek 

 Psalter of the eleventh century in the British 

 Museum, I found a miniature of the crucifixion, 

 in which was the curious bar for the feet men- 

 tioned by your correspondent A. P. G. G., but in 

 this case it was horizontal ; still no doubt for the 

 same purpose. The feet however were not tied, 

 but nailed separately, which is usual in Greek 

 paintings, though in Western examples we usually 

 find one nail piercing both feet. 



J'oHN C. Jackson. 



17. Sutton Place, Lower Clapton. 



Bev. Thomas Crane (2"^ S. ii. 124. 233.) — 

 G. N. will find a biographical notice of the Kev. 

 Thomas Crane in the continuation of Dr. Calamy's 

 Account of the Ejected Ministers, pp.421, 422., or 

 in Palmer's Nonconformists Memorial, which is, 

 in fact, a new edition of Dr. Calamy's work re- 

 arranged with additions, the second edition (in 

 three vols. 8vo., 1803) being the best. From this 

 work of Dr. Calamy, which is the chief depositary 

 of information concerning the later Puritan di- 

 vines, the brief notice of Mr. Crane copied by 

 G. N. was evidently taken. The place at which 

 he settled was Beaminster, Dorset (not Bed- 

 minster). Joshua Wilson. 

 Tunbridge Wells. 



Nearsightedness (2"* S. ii. 149. 236.) — Near- 

 sightedness is not so uncommon among the vulgar 

 as fine ladies and gentlemen suppose, and some of 

 them would probably "affect the defect" less as- 

 siduously if they knew that the " purblindness " 

 of the lower classes was very often nothing more 

 than short sight. It is not so conspicuous among 

 the poor because they do not mitigate it by a glass, 

 and seem to be unacquainted with any spectacles 

 but magnifyers for the aged. In those parts of the 

 country where hand-loom weaving or any other 

 occupation requiring a long sight is practised, to 

 be " purblind " is considered a very serious dis- 

 advantage. P. P. 



Origin of Tennis (2"^ S. ii. 210.) — With a ball, 

 and a wall, and a hand of five fingers, you have 

 the game of fives ; with a bat of wood, and then a 

 raquet, and two side walls, you have it on a larger 

 scale. With a double fives court, and a roof on 

 it for protection against the weather, you have 



* " Clavis sacros pedes terebrantibus, fossisque mani- 

 bus." — Cyp., De Passione Ckristi, cxxviii. (Paris, 1726.) 



