FOSSIL INSISTS OF THK BRITISH COAL MKASUFJKS. 



Attention was afterwards diverted from tin.- Coal Measures l>v tin 1 remarkable 

 discoveries of insect-remains made ]>y Brodie in the 1'iirlieck and Liassic rocks, 

 and by similar discoveries on the continent. 



.Mr. E. W. Binney (1807, ' Proc. Lit. and I'hil. Soc. Manchester,' vol. vi, p. 50) 

 exhibited a specimen which "bore some resemblance to the pupa state of a 

 coleopterous insect," and had been found in the (.'inderl'ord I>vke 1'it at Bradlev, 

 near Hnddersfield. 



A second specimen exhibited by Binney at the same lime \vas referred to 

 Xylolrius sigillarice, Dawson. Binney added: " \\ e must expect great additions to 

 be made to the Carboniferous fauna, as doubtless the rich and luxurious 

 vegetation of that remote period would afford food and shelter for numerous, 

 insects." 



Binney's notes on the Huddersfield specimens caused the Uev. 1". 1>. Itrodie to 

 record (1807, ' Geol. Mag 1 .,' vol. iv, pp. i2.So 2Mi) that lie had in his collection ''a 

 wing of a gigantic Neuropterous insect in inmstone from the Derbyshire Coal 

 Measures." 



The same year Kirkby (1807. 'Geol. -Mag.,' vol. iv, pp. 3S8 300) reported the 

 finding of clearly defined insect-remains in the Durham Coal Measures. One 

 example consisted of " portions of the fore wing or teginina of an orthopterous 

 insect nearlv allied to JUiilt/i or Cockroach," and the other "of an orthopterous 

 insect, apparently the abortive wing of a specimen related to the Phasinid:e." 

 Kirkby's first specimen is the small but verv line wing described here under the 

 name of Phyloniylacris mantidiuides (Sternberg). The second specimen ;s not 

 determinable as an insect-fragment, ami may prove to be a fossil fruit, referable 

 to one of the higher plants of the Coal Measures. 



From 1807 onwards the finding of fossil insects in the British Coal Measures 

 occurred at long intervals until in 1'Jd 1 ?, the date of publication of Handlirsch's 

 ' I'ossilen Insekten,' the following had been recorded: 



PhylomylacriB mantidioides (Goldenberg). 



Olilll, " ulliril til 111,1/1:1," ICil'UllV. 



olim, " Blattina uiiuiftili'iitli'*." 



Goldeuberg. 

 Lithosialis brongniarti (Maiili'll i. 



olim, " GTyllaeris brongniarti," M;mli II 

 LitJioinantis carbonarius, Woodward. 



Ai-i-li;ru/ililtl!t iiliji-ux. Si'llildiT. 



lii'iiJni I'fifi'ni'i in-ill , Scudder. 

 .l''lii-'ijiliii>--iiiii inii/IIi'ii, Scudder. 

 Aphthoroblattina johnsoni ( Woodward). 



''Inn, " I''/"l>/ii / 1 1 tut fohnsoniy Woodwtird. 



( ISIiittuiilt'K ) ji/'urliii ( Woodward). 



ciliiii. " Etoblattina peachii, ' Woodward. 

 Leptoblattina c.i ///,-, Woodward. 

 Lithomylacris kirklit/t. Woodward. 

 Siiiinii/liirriit deanensis (Woodward). 



iiliin. " Etoblattina <!<'/< I/I'IIKIK,' Woodward. 

 Pseudofouquea cambrensis (Allen). 



uliiii. " Fain/ urn i-niiilii-fitxig," Allen. 

 Breyeria woodwardiana ( Handlirsch). 



olim, ";illinilv with Lithomantis cctTbonariits" 

 SI,. Mis. 



olim, " Stobbsia woodwaTdiana," Hundlirscli, 



Tin' numerous discoveries of insect-remains in the('oal Measuresof (' 

 (Allier). Krance. ;iml the remarkable series made known hv Handlirsch from the 



