Crania aj Aboriginal Americans. 123 



propensities common to man with the lower animals, and mo- 

 ral emotions ; and of the intellect, into observing and reflect- 

 ing faculties. Dr Thomas Brown's division of the intellectual 

 powers into simple and relative suggestion, corresponds with 

 this last classification. If, then, the mind manifest a plurality 

 of faculties, and if the brain be the organ of the mind, it ap- 

 pears to be a sound inference that the brain may consist of a 

 plurality of organs. The presumptions which arise, in favour 

 of this idea, from the constitution of the external senses and 

 their organs are strong. Each sense has its separate nervous 

 apparatus. Nay, when the function of a part is compound, 

 the nerves are multiplied, so as to give a distinct nerve for 

 each function. The tongue has a nerve for voluntary motion, 

 another for common sensation, and the best authorities admit 

 a third nerve for taste, although the precise nerve is still in 

 dispute. The internal nostrils are supplied with two nerves, 

 the olfactory, and a nerve of common sensation, ramified on 

 the mucous membrane, each performing its appropriate func- 

 tion. The spinal marrow consists, by general consent of phy- 

 siologists, of at least two double columns, the anterior pair for 

 voluntary motion, and the posterior pair for common sensation. 

 Sir Charles Bell has demonstrated the distinct functions of 

 the Aerves proceeding from these columns. Farther, every 

 accurate observer distinguishes diversities of disposition and 

 inequalities of talents, even in the same individual. The re- 

 cords of lunatic asylums shew numerous instances of partial 

 idiocy and partial insanity. These facts indicate that the 

 brain consists of a plurality of organs, and this idea is counte- 

 nanced by many high authorities in physiological science. 

 " The brain is a very complicated organ," says Bonnet, " or 

 rather an assemblage of very different organs.'^* Tissot con- 

 tends that every perception has different fibres ;f and Haller 

 and Van Swieton were of opinion that the internal senses oc- 

 cupy, in the brain, organs as distinct as the nerves of the ex- 

 ternal senses.J Cabanis entertained a similar notion,§ and so 

 did Prochaska. Cuvier says, that " certain parts of the brain, 



* PalingeHc^sie, 1334. t (Euvres, III. 33. | Van Swieten, I. 454.) 

 i Rapports du Physique et du Moral de I'Homme, 2de Edit. I. 233-4. 



