274 Mr. Winch's Contributions to the 



The average of tonnage per day of the present working pit 

 is 28£ tons. The annual working in the year 1829 was 2525 

 score loads, each load containing 4-J imperial bushels. 



Seams of coal, inferior in thickness to those belonging to 

 the Newcastle coal formation, and interstratified with the 

 encrinal limestone, as weH as with sandstone and shale, are 

 spread over most parts of Northumberland ; but owing to 

 these landsale collieries being generally inconsiderable in point 

 of depth and extent of workings, the continuity of the beds 

 of coal has never been accurately ascertained. Sections of 

 coal mines in this formation are to be found in the fourth 

 volume of the first series of the Geological Transactions, p. 60, 

 where an account of Shilbottle Colliery, which supplies Aln- 

 wick with fuel, is given : and in the Transactions of the Na- 

 tural History Society of Newcastle, in vol. i. pp. 126, 127, 

 128, 129, sections of the more important mines in the vicinity 

 of Berwick-upon-Tweed, are inserted. The section above is 

 of the colliery close to the old castle of Blenkinsop, 33 miles 

 west of Newcastle, and close to the borders of Cumberland. 

 The viewer at this place considered the position of the coal to 

 be below the four-fathom limestone, and above the great lime- 

 stone of the Alston Moor mining field, and that the bed of coal 

 was the same as that worked in the more extensive mines on 

 Tynedale Fell. From these collieries Carlisle derives its coal. 

 At Angerton, close to Blenkinsop, a very deep quarry is 

 worked in the encrinal limestone before mentioned (see the 

 section below) ; but I would here remark, that it is next to im- 

 possible to trace and identify the various strata of limestones 

 and sandstones to any great distance from the places where 

 they are well known on Alston Moor by the lead miners, for 

 as these beds range towards the north and north-east, they 

 divide and admit others between them ; and I have every rea- 

 son to think that this is even the case with that well-defined 

 rock known by the name of the millstone grit. 



Angerton Limestone Quarry, used for Lime, adjoining the pre- 

 sent Working Pit {Height thereof) below the Coal, 



Ft. In. 



* First bad post or top stone 1 



*Second ditto ' 1 



*Third ditto 1 



First or good top stone 3 



♦Damp bed 8 



Second top stone 3 



Carried forward ... 9 8 



