NOTES ON THE GEOLOGY OF EAST LOTUIAN AND BERWICKSHIRE. 195 



Along the road between Calstock and Gunnislake, were observed Ei-ythrcea 

 Oe>itaurium, (Common Cantaury,) a herb collected in large quantities for 

 officinal purposes. I have seen an old herbalist — a woman — bearing home 

 upon her bent and yielding shoulders as much of this herb as she could 

 stand under — the result of a day's labour — to be disposed of to some chemist 

 at about one penny per pound; and thus through the summer she earns 

 her scanty livelihood. Bdonica officinalis^ (Wood Betony^) another useful 

 herb; Sedum Anglicum, (l^jnglish Stonecrop;) Lotus major, (Narrow-leaved 

 Bird's-foot Trefoil;) Circcea lutdiana, (Enchanter's I»Jightshadc;) Stachijs 

 sylvatica, (Hedge Woundwort;) Leonunis Cardiaca, (Motherwort,) a plant 

 unfrequent in this neighbourhood; indeed, until discovering it here, I knew 

 of only one habitat for it, which was at Rame, Cornwall. It is, I believe, 

 nowhere a common plant. "Named from lean, a lion; and oura, a tail, 

 from a fancied resemblance in the plant to a lion's tail." — Hoolccr. 



From Gunnislake we descended to the Weir, up to which point the River 

 Tamar is navigable. The wooJjd scenery of this part is of surpassing 

 magnificence. 



"The surging snake 

 Has not more folds than Tamar. * * 

 Each wood-fring(!d Iicadlaud doubled, we shall pause 

 Beneath the flashing Weir. 



CARRI^^GTON. 



The only plants here added to my list were the Meadow Sweet, (Spiraea 

 Uhnaria,) and White Valerian, (Valeriana officinalis.) At evening we returned, 

 steaming gently down the sinuous river, our way enlivened by cheerful music 

 performed by a band on berird. 



Isaiah W. N. Keys. 

 Flymouth, 1852. 



NOTES ILLUSTRATIVE OF 



THE GEOLOGY OP PART OF THE SHORES OF 



EAST LOTHIAN xVND BERWICKSHIRE. 



BY JAMES P. FKASKR, ESQ. 



Read before the Natural History Society of Glasgow, on April Gth., 1852. 



(Continued from page yjl.) 



The rocks which lie unconformably to these Schists are the beds of the 

 Old Red Sandstone. The Old Red Sandstone at this point presents some 

 varieties of structure, varying in fineness of texture from a compact sandstone 

 to a coarse conglomerate, or pudding-stone, in which many of the imbedded 

 fragments and pebbles are nearly a foot in diameter. In the conglomerate 

 form, it is principally composed of water-worn pebbles of slate and schist, 

 greywacke slate, and pieces of quartz, imbedded in a dark-coloured sandy 

 cement. These pebbles are generally well rounded^ as if long subjected to 



