254 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[Sept. 29. 1855. 



gift, pp. 328. 572. 575 ; Strype's Annals, vol. i. 

 p. 625.; vol. ii. p. 608., Append, p. 160.; vol. iii. 

 p. 471., Append, p. 188.; Pajre's Supplement to Suf- 

 folk Traveller, p. 935. ; Peck's Desiderata Curiosa, 

 lib. vi. numb. 8. C. H. Cooper. 



Cambridge. 



There is a good account of this Presbyterian 

 divine in Brook's Lives of the Puritans, vol. ii. 

 pp. 308-12. If your correspondent A. Chall- 

 STETH would like to extract the same, he can do 

 so by calling on Wm. Brown, Jun., 



Bookseller. 



Old Street. 



Moustache worn by the Clergy (Vol. xii., p. 202.). 

 — I cannot now refer to the " day and date " of 

 The Times in which I read a graphic description 

 of a " church parade " before Sebastopol. The 

 clergyman, in black skull-cap, and flowing beard 

 and moustache, preaching to his equally hirsute 

 congregation, unmoved by bursting shells, and 

 not even deigning to allow the possibility of 

 " battle and sudden death " to disturb the calm 

 diction of the practical sermon, which might have 

 been with equal propriety addressed to a congre- 

 gation of sleepy Londoners. James Graves. 



Cold Harbour (Vol. ix., p. 107.). — " Cold" is a 

 prefix applied to Roman situations, as is " Hun- 

 ger," but I doubt if it means cold. It is some- 

 times in the form of " Cole." It Is prefixed to 

 borough, hill, green, toion, oak, ridge, and other 

 topographical terms. It is nearly as frequently 

 applied to ridge, a Roman road, as to harbour, a 

 camp or castle. 



Harbour is found as a termination after a local 

 name : as Cound Harbour, and Windy Harbour 

 or Arbour. 



There is no Cold Harbour, so far as I know, in 

 Shropshire. Hyde Clarke. 



Carnac (Vol. xii., p. 205.). — Your correspond- 

 ent L. M. M. R. is certainly mistaken with respect 

 to Carnac, which is not a Cromlech, as he seems 

 to suppose, but one of the serpent temples, still 

 retaining, where most perfect, eleven rows of 

 stones, occasionally about seventeen feet in height, 

 and presumed to have extended for eleven or 

 thirteen miles in length, up to Lochmariaker, 

 where the largest stones are found, now prostrate. 



This must have been the most considerable 

 temple of the kind in the world ; and permit me, 

 in tur/i, to suggest a Query or two. 1. How came 

 the Egyptian name of Carnac to be applied to a 

 place on the coast of Brittany ? 2. What is the 

 authority for calling these stone temples Druidical? 

 Ancient writers tell us that the Druids lived in 

 groves of oak, from whence they derived their 

 name, but not that they haunted stones, which 

 seems an older superstition than theirs. We 



No. 309.] 



generally find these stones set up in spots where 

 oak would not grow ; and the Druids are never 

 noticed as worshippers of the serpent, but rather 

 appear to have taught a better system of theology, 

 and of the universe, contained in a multitude of 

 verses, which their disciples were called upon to 

 learn ; and it seems to have been the horrid 

 cruelty, not the profaneness of their rites, which 

 obliged the Romans, in the first instance, to pre- 

 vent any of their legionaries from being present 

 at them, and afterwards to abolish and proscribe 

 them altogether. Cassar notices the origin of 

 Druidism, Disciplina in Britannia reperta; but the 

 serpent worship must have had its origin ages 

 before Julius Caesar lived or wrote. Ovns. 



Orkneys in Paivn (Vol. vii., p. 412.). — Reference 

 is made to a MS. in the Cottonian Library in the 

 British Museum (Titus C. VII., art. 71., f. 134.), 

 "Notes on King of Denmark's Demand of the 

 Orcades." Having examined the article, I sub- 

 join a copy of the only note I observed on this 

 matter : 



" Orcades, 1587. 



" Frederik, King of Denmark, told Daniell Rogers that 

 the King of Scotts dallied with him, and that he had not 

 answered him to make restitucion of the Orcades when he 

 sewed for his daughter Anne to be his wife ; neither kept 

 promise in shewing suche tres (lettres) as he pretended 

 to have from the King of Denmarke, by which it should 

 appear that he weare released from the contract by W^t^ 

 his predecessors were bound at all tymes to be ready 

 uppon the receipt of one hundred thousand gilders, to 

 restore the Orcades unto the kingdome of Denmarke 

 againe, w:'' he must needs have agayne, for that the state 

 of his kingdome had putt him in mynde of his oath, w<=i» 

 he had made when he was contracted." 



It is almost unnecessary to add that the King 

 of Scots was James VI. of Scotland, first of Eng- 

 land, married to the Princess Anne of Denmark. 



W. H. F. 



Ebury Street, London. 



Harbingers of Spring (Vol. xi., p. 383.).— I 

 think some record should be made of the paucity 

 and fate this year of many kinds of birds which 

 are summer visitants of England. The hirundines 

 arrived very late; yet, after they came, many 

 perished from cold and from lack of food. _ In an 

 agricultural report from Nottingham in The 

 Times for the first week in June, 1855, mention 

 was made of many swallows having been found 

 dead on the south side of woods, where they had 

 evidently gone for shelter from the north-east 

 winds. I know of two such cases in Norfolk ; by 

 the side of one wood, eleven dead swallows were 

 picked up. The number of martins' nests was 

 much fewer than usual ; few houses having more 

 than one half their usual complement, and some 

 not even that. Cuckoos and nightingales Avere 

 equally reduced in numbers. 



As these birds arrived late, so they seem to take 



