200 Scientific Intelligence, — Zoology. 



that a particular arrangement of the external organs could cor- 

 respond to each of the special combinations of the internal or- 

 gans." Lastly, the author remarks, that legislation admitting 

 only two grand classes of individuals on whom it imposes du- 

 ties, and grants different, and almost opposite rights, according 

 to their sex, does not truly embrace the entire of the cases ; for 

 there are subjects who have really no sex ; such are neuter her- 

 maphrodites, and hermaphrodites mixed by superposition ; and 

 on the other side, certain individuals, the bisexual hermaphro- 

 dites, who present the two sexes united in the same degree. — 

 Dub. Journ. of Med, and Chevi. Science, No. viii. vol. iii. 

 p. 277. 



15. Vomiting in Ruminant Animals. — M. Flourens lately 

 read to the French Academy a paper entitled, " Experiments 

 regarding the action of Tartar Emetic on Ruminant Animals.'*' 

 In a preceding memoir the author established, by means of 

 numerous experiments, that the vomiting proper to ruminant 

 animals differs essentially from the vomiting of other animals 

 in this, that instead of being, as the latter, a confused rejec- 

 tion in a mass, it constitutes, on the contrary, a rejection which 

 is affected only in regulated and detached portions. The 

 new paper of M. Flourens is intended to show, that these 

 two sorts of vomiting depend on different stomachs ; and thence 

 to arrive at the explanation of this extraordinary fact, that ani- 

 mals which regurgitate with most facility, do not vomit un- 

 less with extreme difficulty, or even do not vomit at all. Af- 

 ter having instanced the experiments of Daubenton, Gilbert, 

 and Huzard, he details his own. We cannot dweW on them 

 here. We shall confine ourselves to repeating the conclusions 

 which he has drawn from them. From the facts and observa- 

 tions contained in his paper, the author concludes, 1st, That 

 tartar emetic produces on sheep the same general effect, that is, 

 the same excitation of all the powers which provoke or deter- 

 mine the vomiting which it produces in ordinary animals; 2d, 

 That among the different stomachs of ruminating animals, it is 

 on the rennet bag, to say on that alone, which, by its functions, 

 as by its structure, corresponds with the simple stomach of 

 other animals, that the emetic displays its action ; 3d, That 

 it is to the particular, and altogether opposite, disposition of 



