Invertebrata. Zoological Collections. 53 



tound the world, has proved that the animals of these genera are dioicous, 

 like the other pectinibranchous moUusca, and not monoicous, as stated by 

 M. Cuvier in his anatomy of these genera in the Annates des Museum. A 

 full account of this discovery will be given in the forthcoming work on the ani- 

 mals discovered in that expedition.—J. E. G. 



- The Animal of Aspergillum. — At last the question of the position of that cu- 

 rious shell, the watering-pot, has been determined by the discovery of its animal, 

 by Dr. Edward Ruppell, who gave an account of it at the late meeting of the 

 German naturalists- and philosophers. He proved the correctness of Lamarck's 

 theory, in placing it with the bivalves, for the animal is exactly similar to that 

 of the Pholades. A specimen of the animal is now in the collection of the Bri- 

 tish Museum, but Dr. RiippeU's description of it is uot yet published. — J. E. G. 



New Species of Invertebrata, discovered by Dr. Coldstream. 



Valkeria, (Flem. Brit. An. 550.) ; V. glomerata, Coldstream. Stem simple, 

 slightly branched, partly creeping, partly erect. Cells ovate, lengthened, with 

 the mouths slightly compressed quadrangularly ; scattered over the stem in ir- 

 regular groups. Before the polype is evolved, the cell is closed at the distal ex- 

 tremity by a conical covering. Polypi with ten tentacula, finely ciliated. They 

 extend considerably beyond the mouths of the cells, to the margins of which each 

 is attached by a membrane, which is protruded before the tentacula, when the 

 polype is about to expand itself. "When alarmed, it contracts very rapidly. 



Found attached to the stems of Fucus nodosus, in small pools, at low water, 

 hear Leith. 



Note. — Notwithstanding the number of the tentacula, I have placed this spe- 

 cies in the genus Valkeria, on account of its agreement in habit and general cha- 

 racter with the V. uva and cuscuta. Perhaps it ought to form a separate 

 genus. 



Syno'icum^ (De Blainville, Man. de IMalacol. p. 586, a genus in which several 

 of Savigny's genera of compound Ascidice are united ;) S. rubrum, Coldstream. 

 Form of general mass various ; base, for the most part, cylindrical ; summit 

 larger, more or less conical or convex, sometimes divided ; height nearly an inch ; 

 base yellowish, translucent, somewhat cartilaginous ; summit containing the ani- 

 mals imbedded in its substance, and coloured by them of a bright vermilion ; 

 animals very numerous in each lobe, and crowded together without any regular 

 arrangement ; orifices prominent, with their margins divided into eight or nine 

 short tentacula. 



Found in abundance on the north shore of Lamlash Bay, Arran, attached to 

 the sides of boulders, generally under the shelter of fuci. 



Ascidia (Lamarck) rugosa, Coldstream — General form somewhat conical, 

 compressed ; length upwards of two inches ; surface of outer tunic greenish, ir- 

 regularly wrinkled, rugose, harsh ; substance almost cartilaginous, near the base 

 very thick ; orifices approximate, large, compressed, slit-like ; branchial one ter- 

 minal. The prolongations of the inner tunic, which unite it to the outer one, 

 are attached nearly half an inch within each of the orifices of the latter ; inner 

 tunic whitish, transparent ; branchial tube furnished with two layers of muscular 

 fibres ; external, transverse ; internal, longitudinal ; orifices studded with minute 

 red spots arranged irregularly ; branchial cavity, extending the whole length of 

 the inner tunic, straight ; branchial membrane grayish, reticulated. A fold, pro- 

 jecting into the branchial cavity, and continuous with the membrane lining its 

 walls, is attached along its anal side, from the mouth (which it partly surrounds) 

 towards the opening of the cavity, opposite the position of the anus. It is about 

 one-sixth of an inch in breadth, and has its surface marked with transverse striae 

 only. The mouth is simple. The stomach and two first turns of the intestine 

 aire united together, and surrounded by the liver, which has a spongy structure. 

 Imbedded in its substance are several series of white granular bodies, A large 



