Geographical Collections. 20S 



during the gay season. The contrary holds with the poor, who are sub- 

 mitted to opposite conditions. 



The application of these principles in the East is most satisfactory. 

 Constantinople, for instance, where Dr Bailly made most of his observations, 

 is of very equable temperature in summer and winter, owing to its position, 

 and the favourable winds to which it is subject at the different periods of 

 the year. According to the above proposition, extreme heat and extreme 

 cold diminish the number of conceptions, and the proportion of males ; this 

 single circumstance would, therefore, be expected to render Constantinople 

 favourable to conceptions, and especially to those of males. The result of 

 Mr Bailly's researches shews, that this is precisely the case with Constan- 

 tinople, and in most of the islands of the Archipelago, the proportion being 

 8 males to 7 females Bull de la Soc. de Geoy. Nov. 1830. 



Notice of the Cherokees. — The progress in civilization made by the 

 Cherokees is altogether unexampled. The bulk of the people live in 

 comparative ease ; many of them even in high style. Colonel Gold, 

 of Connecticut, who resided eight months amongst tliem, was witness of 

 many of their works during that period ; of the cultivation of land, of 

 the building of houses and boats, and many improvements. The education 

 of the children particularly attracted his attention. Religious instruction 

 is gradually spreading amongst them. We have seen many letters written 

 by young Cherokees educated in the schools of the missionaries. They are 

 well written, and the spirit of piety which pervades them proves evidently, 

 that they who have taken charge of these children have not neglected their 

 most precious interests. 



A great number of families are occupied with the manufacture of wool 

 and cotton for their own use, and also for exchange. The wheel and loom 

 are found in almost every house. Colonel Gold possesses specimens of 

 their work, which will bear comparison with the best of the kind. Their 

 roads are attended to, and in good condition. The Colonel has travelled in 

 a carriage through all parts of the country. He was present at a meeting 

 of the general council of the nation, and was surprised at the order and 

 regularity which was preserved in the deliberations, and at the talent 

 exhibited by many of the members. 



Every thing we learn respecting the Cherokees proves to us that these 

 Indians have abandoned their nomadic life for domestic habits ; that they 

 have exchanged the tomahawk and the carabine for the plough, the hoe, 

 and the loom ; and that they have already arrived at a surprising degree 

 of civilization, the more extraordinary, that it was thought these sons of the 

 forest could never relinquish their natural inclinations. — Courrier des Etats- 

 Unis, 17th July, 1830. 



Statistics of the Kingdom of Poland (Extracted from the official report 



of the minister. Count Mostowsky in 1830.) 



Religion The catholic population of the kingdom, which, in 1828, was 



5,474,282, is now divided into 1917 parishes, with 369 chapels of ease, 

 which are served by 1369 priests, exclusive of the higher clergy; 1783 

 monks occupy 136 monasteries ; and 351 nuns, 29 convents. The revenues 

 of the catholic church amount to 1,600,000 florins, (£40,000,) furnished 

 by the treasury, and 890,278 florins, by the estates of the congregation. 

 There are 325 restored churches, and 12 new ones ; 101 are undergoing 

 repairs. 



Scientific Institutions The number of students at Watsaw is 589 : the 



provincial colleges contain 8687 pupils : 1624 young artizans frequent the Sun- 

 day schools in the capital and the provinces. In the deaf and dumb school, 

 there are 60 individuals ; in a Jewish school, founded in 1826, there are 

 72 pupils ; in four other elementary Jewish schools, there are 298 scholars. 



