2«a S. No 85., Aua 15. '67.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



129 



conqueror of Mexico ? They were granted to him 

 by letters patent of the Emperor Charles V., dated 

 March 7, 1525. Resupinus. 



'■'■ Sword of Peace." — Who is the author of The 

 Sword of Peace, a Comedy, 8vo. 1789? It was 

 acted at the Ilaymarket, and is said to have been 

 written by a lady. X. 



Was Examination by Torture ever lawful ? — 

 This question is usually answered in the negative. 

 The following passage, however, tells in the af- 

 firmative. In A Discourse of Witchcraft, by W. 

 Perkins, ch. vii. § 2., two kinds of examination 

 are named, viz., either by " simple question " or 

 by " torture " : 



" Torture, when besides the enquiry by words, the Ma- 

 gistrate useth the Rack, or some other violent meanes to 

 urge Confession, may be lawfully used, howbeit not iu 

 every case, but onely upon strong and great presump- 

 tions, and when the party is obstinate." 



C. Mansmeld Inglebt. 

 Birmingham. 



I. The " winged BxirgoneV at the Tower of London. 

 — In a report of the recent meeting of the Mid- 

 dlesex Archaeological Society at the Tower of 

 London, published in The Builder of August 1, 

 is the following passage : — 



" If it be true, as we have heard it whispered, that the 

 celebrated ' winged burgonet,' of theatrical memory, was 

 sent down by the Tower authorities for exhibition at 

 Manchester with other things, and that it was quietly 

 put into a box there and nailed down by Mr. Planche, to 

 prevent scandal, the want of some directing mind with 

 knowledge of the subject must be sufficiently evident." 



Without meddling with this censure on " the 

 Tower authorities," who will probably speak in 

 their own defence, may I ask, what is the origin 

 and history of this "winged burgonet?" On the 

 stage of what theatre has it appeared ? and where 

 has its fame been celebrated ? N. 



Thornton Family. — John Thornton, of Clapham, 

 to whose memory Cowper has a poem, was, I be- 

 lieve, great-great-grandson of Robert Thornton, 

 rector of Birkin, Yorkshire, who was deprived In 

 the civil wars (». Walker's Sufferings, 1714, part 

 II. fol. 385.) The arms used by the Clapham 

 family were the same as those of Thornton of East 

 Newton, Yorkshire, [viz. arg., a chevron, sa. be- 

 tween 3 thorn-trees eradicated, ppr.], and to which 

 latter family belonged Robert Thornton, the com- 

 piler of the Thornton MS. at Lincoln, from which 

 Mr. Halliwell edited The Thornton Romances for 

 the Camden Society, 1844. Who were the im- 

 mediate ancestors of the above rector of Birkin, 

 and can his connexion with the East-Newton 

 family be traced ? 



Walker [id)i sup. part ii. fol. 127.] says that 

 Thornton was deprived of a postmastership at 

 Merton ; and was, with nine other postmasters, 



"voted to be expelled, b::cause they were chosen 

 contrary to the orders of the Parliament." Qu. 

 Was this one of the same family ? Possibly he 

 might have been Robert, son of the above ejected 

 rector ; and who, after his father's re-instatement 

 at Birkin, and death in 1665, succeeded him in 

 that rectory, and was there buried, Feb. 2, 1697. 



Ache. 

 Value of Money. — I am anxious to ascertain 

 what values in the present day respectively the 

 penny, the shilling, and the mark, between the dates 

 1370 and 1415, a.d. represent. Also upon what 

 data calculations of this kind are founded, and if 

 the bushel of w^heat be the criterion, what would 

 be the relative values of that measure at the period 

 above mentioned and in the present year ? Zeta. 



Armand, a Tragedy, — Who is the author of 

 the above-named play, in the fourth act and second 

 scene of which the following lines occur ? 



" Marry ! call'st thou that marriage, which but joins 

 Two hands with iron bands? — which yokes, but not 

 Unites, two hearts whose pulses never beat 

 In unison? The legal crime that mocks. 

 Profanes, destro3'S, its inner holiness? 

 No? 'tis the spirit that alone can wed. 

 When with spontaneous joy it seeks and finds. 

 And with its kindred spirit blends itself ! 

 My liege, there is no other marriage tie ! " 



E. S. 



Quotation. — 



" Life is a comedy to those who think, a tragedy to 

 those who feel." 



Whence ? 



Mekcatob, A.B. 



Colours for Glass. — What kinds of colours are 

 the best for painting on glass, in the manner of 

 magic lantern slides ? What is the best substance 

 for mixing them up ? Is any kind of drying sub- 

 stance used, and what is the best for the pur[)Ose ? 

 Information on these subjects will greatly oblige 

 the writer. C. L. H. 



The Grave of Lord Howe. — A Massachusetts 

 monument in Westminster Abbey : — 



" We believe it is a tradition rather than a matter of 

 record (says the Albany Argus) that the remains of a 

 British nobleman, which were buried under the chancel 

 of the old English Church when it stood in the middle of 

 State Street, were taken up and re-interred under the 

 present church when it was built iu 1804. The tradition, 

 moreover, asserts that his name was Lord Howe, and 

 that he was killed at the time of Burgoyne's surrender at 

 Saratoga. There is no monument, mural tablet, grave- 

 stone, or even a pavement inscription, to mark the spot 

 or to attest the fact. We are indebted to an antiquarian 

 friend for the following more authentic version of the 

 story, by which it appears that Lord Howe fell, not at 

 Saratoga, but at Ticonderoga, and not during the Revo- 

 lution, but in the French war : 



" ' George, Lord Viscount Howe, eldest son of Sir E. 



