116 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[2nd s. No 84., AtJG. 8. '57. 



It is formed by laying the first course with whole 

 bricks ; the next course the bricks are cut across 

 for the outside brick, and the remainder filled with 

 bricks laid at random. The third course as first, 

 and so on. The walls are generally three to four 

 bricks in breadth thick. G. R. G. 



I do not know whether it is customary in Eng- 

 land to build walls, &c., hrick-on-edge, but in the 

 south of Spain, Italy, and Portugal, it is very cus- 

 tomary to make partitions in rooms by a wall so 

 built ; the bricks are one inch thick, and being 

 plastered on both sides with good mortar, make a 

 very firm and substantial partition. If two bricks 

 are used with mortar between it becomes a very 

 solid wall. J. B. 



Churchwardens' Accounts (2"'^ S. iv. Q5.') — In 

 No. 82. of " N. & Q." there is a very curious 

 account of the slaughter, in the gross, of many 

 animals coming under the denomination of vermin : 

 among which are particularised abundance of 

 foxes. Perhaps it was not contra regidam in the 

 seventeenth century to annihilate, if possible, the 

 species, but in the present day it would be re- 

 garded as little short of murder to destroy them, 

 otherwise than in the chase. In the History of 

 the Town of Tetbury, just published by the Kev. 

 Alfred T. Lee, at p. 143., there are entries of a 

 similar description copied from the churchwardens' 

 accounts of Tetbury, for killing vermin in the 

 seventeenth century, viz : 



£ s. d. 



« 1673. Pavd for killing of 5 Hedghoggs 00 00 06 



1678. Payd for killinge a ffoxe - - 00 01 00 



1680. Payd for 4 ffoxes headea - - 00 04 00 



1684. for a ffoxes head, 19 hedghoggs, 



and 4 joves (Javs) - - - 00 03 01 



1685. For 22 ffoxes heads - - - 01 02 00 

 1687. Payd for ffour ffoxes heads to Mr. 



Huntle3''s man, and 12 to the 



Duke of Beaufort's man - - 00 16 00." 



I cannot conclude these remarks without ob- 

 serving that it would be to defame the noble 

 house of Beaufort to suppose, even for one mo- 

 ment, that in the present century they would 

 countenance the destruction of a /ox, there not 

 being within the memory of any one living more 

 orthodox and thorough-bred sportsmen than the 

 whole Sonierset family. Delta. 



"^/a<' ''stawed'' (2°'^ S. iii. 470, 471.) — I am 

 inclined to believe that staw and stawed are con- 

 tractions of stall and stalled, as they are pro- 

 nounced and spelt in W. Yorkshire, with the 

 same signification as staw and stawed in Lanca- 

 shire and Scotland. It is well known that the 

 tendency in the last mentioned places is to omit 

 I after the broad a: e. g. — 



" The spot they ca'd it Lincumdoddie." — Bukns. 



A horse is said to be stalled when placed in the 

 stall or stand with a sufiiclency of food. When 



a child has had sufficient food, or one kind of food 

 "frequently, he says he is stalled. And so to be 

 stalled of any thing, just means to be satiated with 

 it, or weary of it. In the Glossary to Burns' 

 Works, stawed= surfeited. C. D. H. 



Pedigree (2"^ S. iv. 69.) — Skinner says from 

 per and degre. I am told that Thierry, in one of 

 his works (perhaps Norm. Conq.), derives it from 

 pied de grue. Fuire le pied de grue is " attendre 

 long temps sur ses pas." R. S. Ciiarnock. 



Gray's Inn. 



I have a notion upon this point, but unsup- 

 ported by any authority beyond the reason I shall 

 assign. It is this : as many ancient pedigrees 

 were made to ascend from the body of a pro- 

 genitor, like the Jesse window at Dorchester, co. 

 Oxon, and others of that kind, the scheme pre- 

 sented to the spectator was one ofapede gradus — 

 steps upward from the foot or root of the genea- 

 logy. J. G. N. 



May not this word be derived from pes and 

 gradus ? Henbi. 



'■'■Burst'" (2"'' S. ill. 486.) — Surely your querist 

 is a Southern. He would be disgusted to know 

 how meal-mouthed and poor the " he dare not do 

 it," " he dame not do it," sounds in a North-of- 

 Trent ear, when misused for the good old correct 

 scriptural " he durst" or " he durst not." To say 

 he dare not, instead of he durst not, is ungram- 

 matical. Dare is the present tense. P. P. 



University Hoods (2°'^ S. Iv. 29.) —The M.A. 

 " university hood," in its " present shape," is an 

 interesting and very graphic tradition of those 

 good old times when hoods were worn to cover 

 the head, and when the hood was not of necessity 

 a separate article of dress, but might be, and 

 usually was, attached to the cape of the coat or 

 cloak. 



This may still be seen in the monk's cowl. It 

 Is also visible in the hernous or bournous (adopted 

 from the Arabs by the French), which is a " man- 

 teau a capuchon," i.e. a hooded cloak. 



Hold your M.A. hood suspended by the loop, 

 so that it may drop into its natural shape as when 

 worn, and you will soon detect the manteau ^ 

 capuchon. The part which hangs down like a 

 bag is the hood proper, or cowl. The two pendent 

 lappets, or tails, are the sleeves of the cloak or 

 coat. 



My recollections of the B.A. hood are so remote 

 that I cannot say whether it may not be the cowl 

 alone, without the manteau. Thomas Boys. 



Fashions (2"^ S. III. passim.) — Charles James 

 Fox astonished his countrymen on his return 

 from France by the foppery of red-heeled shoes 

 and a feather in his hat. A friend now advanced 



