2nd s. NO 82., July 25. '57.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



69 



of the dressers of the Queen-Dowager Catharine, 

 relict of Charles II. ? 



How far has any descent from the Archbishop, 

 or from his brother John, been satisfactorily 

 traced ? James Knowles. 



Meaning of Warlow. — Can any of the corre- 

 spondents of " N. & Q." learned in the European 

 tongues, afford me the etymology of the Flemish 

 name Warlow? Has it any connexion with 

 Warloch, through the softening of the 6nal letters 

 of the latter word ? Or is it probable that Farlof 

 ■was now near the original form ? Though this is 

 a Query of interest but to few, I trust it will he 

 allowed a corner in " N. & Q." 



Vablov ap Habry. 



Under- Graduates are Esquires. — There are, 

 perhaps, few who know that under-graduates at 

 the Universities are entitled to have Esquire 

 affixed to their names. See Custance on the 

 Constitution. 



Can the title be retained by those graduates 

 who have not taken holy orders ? J. M. B. 



Manchester. 



Tarts and Pies. — Will you kindly step in with 

 your censer, and stay the plague ? 



The philological sensitiveness of a young ma- 

 tron is daily being harrowed by what she calls 

 the improper use of the word " pie." 



" It is a tart, my dear," says the lady when her 

 lord offers fruit pasty under the name of " goose- 

 berry-pie." " Pie," reiterates her spouse — "I 

 like English : — Tarte or tourte are not English ; 

 besides in my earliest education, on high authority, 

 I learned that A represented apple-joj'e; now 

 quote in reply." Here the lady fails : but in de- 

 fence starts an etymological disquisition : — " Pie, 

 from pica, from pix, signifies mottled or spotted 

 as by pitch ; party-coloured or speckled, not 

 homogeneous or simple. Applied to a bird, it 

 gives the distinguishing name to the mag-pie 

 (pied or speckled bird that chatters — 'niag,' 

 being ' chatter,' not the abbreviation of ' Mar- 

 garet '). Applied to a horse it means one marked 

 with two or more patches of colour ; to a buffoon, 

 one dressed in motley. The word indicates a 

 variety of component parts. We hear of venison 

 pasty, the dish of the nobles at the high tables ; 

 but of the humhle-pie, the dish of the serfs. The 

 former used to consist of the flesh alone ; the 

 latter was made up of the entrails, heart, tripe, 

 &c., called humbles — and hence termed pie. 

 The word pie might be used of any heterogeneous 

 compound, a pasty of conglomerated orts. The 

 word is inapplicable to a dish having but one 

 main ingredient. Tart, however, when applied to 

 a pasty, betokens a viand of such succulent vege- 

 tables as possess trist juices, and offer some gus- 

 tatory acerbity — tart fruits. You may employ 



the word ' pie ' when addressing the vulgar in the 

 place of ' tart,' as conveying the most approximate 

 idea of the intended article to the minds of the 

 unlettered : but such language is only pardonable 

 then." Thus the lady. The gentleman distrust- 

 ing the confessions of a tortured etymology again 

 asks for quotations, and declines the engagement 

 on other grounds. 



The malady is becoming chronic : 

 " Quid struat his coeptis ? " 

 wherefore I beseech you raise your " placid head." 



Ignoramus. 



Branding of Criminals. — Will any of your 

 learned readers inform me for what offences 

 criminals were formerly branded in the hand ? 

 When this punishment was discontinued ? What 

 was the nature of the brand? and if any such 

 case has occurred of late years in any foreign 

 country ? A. B. E. 



Consuls in the Sarhary States. — Where can I 

 find the names of the gentlemen who filled the 

 office of Consul in the Barbary States, i.e. Tunis, 

 Tripoli, Algiers, between the years 1740 and 1780? 

 If any reader of " N. &. Q." could give the names 

 it would enhance the favour, as possibly I might 

 not have access to the source of information. 



An Enquirer. 



'■^Pedigree." — What is the derivation oi pedi- 

 gree ? Dr. Richardson, in his Dictionary, tells us 

 it is " from the French Gr^s, or Degres des Peres, 

 I. e. gradus pat?-um, or a petendo gradus ; and de- 

 fines pedigree as the degree or rank of forefathers ; 

 or the genealogy or lineage of forefathers." 



Now, with all my respect for the Dr.'s opinion 

 — and the value of that opinion I estimate very 

 highly — I do not think this satisfactory. Can, 

 therefore, any of your correspondents help me to 

 a better derivation of the word ? Kascal. 



Quotation Wanted : " Rose-coloured clouds." — 

 Could you inform me where the following frag- 

 ments of quotations are taken from ? — 



" Rose-coloured clouds that rise at morn, 

 By noon may turn to — thunder, 



silver lilies under." 

 Also : — 



" . . . As Angels love good men." 

 If so, you will greatly oblige, W. H. II. 



" The Great Douglas Cause."— Is there any 

 printed report extant of this very extraordinary 

 case, which came on for judgment in the Court of 

 Session in Scotland, on July 7, 1767, and occu- 

 pied the fifteen judges eight days in delivering 

 their opinions. It referred, as many readers of 

 " N. & Q." will be aware, to the identity, or legi- 

 timacy, of Mr. Archibald Stewart or Douglas, 

 claiming to be son of Lady Jane Douglas, wile of 



