2nd s, NO 94., Oct. 17. '57.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



319 



board or committee can be entitled to two votes, 

 unless specially provided for by an act of parlia- 

 ment or the registered rules of a society. The 

 ordinary duty of a chairman is not to be a partisan, 

 but to collect and declare the number of votes for 

 and against any motion, and if they are equal he 

 may either declare the motion to be '• not carried" 

 or, if he did not vote, he may do that which no 

 other member, who may have refrained from 

 voting when the question was put, can do, he may 

 then vote and thus give the casting vote. The 

 guardians under the Poor Laws, and Boards of 

 Works under the Metropolitan Act, have special 

 clauses : 



" And in case there be an equal number of votes upon 

 anj' question, the chairman presiding at the meeting shall 

 have a second or casting vote." 



I cannot imagine why such a clause is inserted, 

 if in ordinary cases any chairman is entitled to 

 this unjust privilege. G. Offor. 



Hackney. 



I have been present on several occasions when 

 this question has been discussed, and with one 

 exception it has invariably been decided in favour 

 of the chairman's double vote, it being generally 

 considered that the fact of his being in the chair 

 did not deprive him of the right, as a member, of 

 expressing his opinion on any subject which came 

 under discussion. In the cases to which I allude, 

 the chairman has been appointed only for the 

 meeting; when there is a permanent chairman, 

 there might be some reason for not giving him a 

 double vote. 



In the case of the exception to which I have 

 referred, the chairman was specially excluded by 

 the rules from voting, except when the numbers 

 were equal ; but the rule was not long since 

 altered, to make the practice harmonise with that 

 of other societies. G. S. 



Whipping of Women (1'' S. v. vi., passim.) — 

 The last woman who is said to have been publicly 

 whipped in Scotland was Mary Douglas, in the 

 summer of 1793 ; and the last man who is known 

 to have been executed in chains was Andrew 

 Marshall. He suffered for the crime of murder 

 and highway robbery in October 1769 ; and the 

 people were so much annoyed at the manner of 

 his execution, that, without the knowledge or con- 

 sent of the authorities, they quickly took down 

 the body, and had it decently buried. W. W. 



Malta. 



"Bring me the wine,"" Sfc (2"" S. iv. 149. 216.) 

 — This song, the idea of which is taken from 

 Hafez, is one of a series written by William 

 Eeader, Jun., Esq., adapted to Indian melodies, 

 arranged by Horn, and published by Power. The 

 air of the song is entitled Rewannah Kisty. The 

 third verse, which your correspondent J. S. D. 



supposes to be by another hand, appears In the 

 work. WnxiAM Kelly. 



Leicester. 



Sand-eels (2"^ S. iv. 249.) — Sand-eels are just 

 as different from whitebait, as common eels from 

 carp. The sand-eel is a long fish with a round 

 body, in shape like an eel, and with a bright sil- 

 very coat, and it takes its name from its habitat 

 being in the sand on the sea shore, in which it 

 lives, after the tide has retired. I should place it 

 in the same class as eels, lamperns, and lampreys. 



The whitebait is entirely different in all re- 

 spects ; it is about the size of a minnow, and of a 

 similar shape ; swims in the water of the Thames, 

 and I think in some other rivers ; and is, I be- 

 lieve, equally incapable either of burrowing or 

 living in the sand after the reflux of the tide. It 

 has been doubted whether the whitebait be a dis- 

 tinct species, or the young fry of a larger fish ; but 

 I believe it is now considered to be clear that it is 

 a distinct species. I once saw a whitebait, which 

 my fishmonger told me was of very extraordinary 

 size ; it was perhaps four inches long, and so like 

 a fish common in the Trent and other rivers, 

 called a bleak, that I think it would have required 

 the one to be laid by the side of the other to see 

 the difference. The whitebait takes its name from 

 its very white appearance. C. S. Greaves. 



" It" for " its" or " his" (1" S. viii. 254. ; x. 

 235. &c.) — The earliest instance as yet adduced 

 in your pages of the above usage is a.d. 1598. I 

 have just met with the following in Udal's Eras- 

 mus, printed a.d. 1548 : 



" For loue and deuocion towardes god also bath it in- 

 fancie, and it hath it comrayag forewarde in growthe of 

 age." — Luke, fol. 81. rev. 



" The euaugelicall simplicitie hath a politique cast of it 

 own too." — lb. fol. 161. 



" Whereas it (the air) was for this purpose first ordeined 

 and sette for manes use that with it holsome breath it 

 should bothe geue and nourish life vnto al creatures." — 

 lb. fol. 165. 



J. Eastwood. 



Female Sextons (1" S. xi. 414.) — Your corre- 

 spondent, who is in search of female sextons, may 

 meet with one at each of the undermentioned city 

 churches : 



1. S. Mary, B. V., Alderraanbury ; sextoness, 

 Mrs. Crook. 



2. S. Laurence Jewry, King Street; sextoness, 

 E. Worley. 



3. S. Michael, Wood Street ; sextoness, Mrs. 

 Stapleton. . Mercator, A.B. 



"I live for those who love me " (2°^ S. iii. 448.) 

 — Marie Stuart will find these lines published, 

 set to music by their author (A. W. Pelzer), by 

 D' Alcorn, Rathbone Place, Oxford Street. 



R. W. Hackwood. 



