294 



NOTES AND QUEKIES. 



[2na S. No 93., Oct. 10. '57. 



neglected, and that is the commercial value of 

 silver itself, which, according to Say, assuming the 

 price of wheat to be nearly invariable in France 

 iPol. Econ., i. 419.), was four times greater then 

 (a.d. 1350 — 1520) than now; consequently (as 

 21 X 4=10) we must multiply the price in marks, 

 shillings, and pence in the fourteenth and fifteenth 

 centuries in England, by ten to get at the approx- 

 imate value, or purchasing power of money in 

 that age, to compare it with our own. Thus, wool 

 in 1354 was valued at 61. per sack* (Craig's Brit. 

 Commerce, i. 144.), equivalent to 3-033c?. per lb., 

 which give SO^d. its value in money of to-day, 

 showing that it was a monopoly price, and perhaps 

 that none but the best quality was exported, for 

 now the price ranges, under a free system, from 

 9d. to 36c?. per lb. In 1350, wheat per quarter 

 was 15s., or=1505. now, when wheat is from 65s. 

 to 90s, In 1450, wheat per quarter was lis. 4d., 

 or=113s. 4d. now, when wheat is from 65s, to 90s. 

 In 1350, agricultural labour was 3d. a- day, or 

 =2s. 6d. now ; in 1450, agricultural labour was 

 3f J. a-day, or=3s. lirf. now, when such wages 

 are 2s, 6d. (Ruding's Coins, i, 20.) 



During the reign of Edward IV. the silver 

 penny was depreciated to 15 and 12 grains, and 

 by Edward VI. to 8 grains, where it is still very 

 nearly fixed. The rule above given will therefore 

 vary accordingly withi,hese depreciations respec- 

 tively. Jacob On the Precious Metals, and Tooke 

 On Prices, should be consulted. Acts regulating 

 wages — the gravitating power of prices (" N. & Q. 

 1" S. ix. 478.) — within the period inquired after, 

 were passed in 25 Edw. III. stat, 1., 34 Edw. III. 

 c. 9., 13 Rich. II. c, 8., and 11 Hen, VII. c. 22. 

 It is not fifty years ago since an Act was abolished 

 regulating the size and price of penny loaves, &c., 

 under the control of the Excise and justices of 

 the peace. T. J. Buckton, 



Lichfield. 



processes by wbich his portrait is being secured. What 

 would those who know him give for as characteristic a 

 portrait of him in a less serious mood, when his counte- 

 nance is lightened up by one of those quaint conceits or 

 brilliant witticisms which few can so readily utter, and 

 none can more thoroughly enjoy. 



PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES. 



Maull and PolyhlanKs Living Celebrities. — The 15th 

 and 16th Parts of this interesting series of Portraits fur- 

 nish us with likenesses of two of the most energetic men 

 of the present day. If the portrait of Cardinal Wiseman, 

 the astute and untiring leader of the Roman Catholic 

 Church in this country, be satisfactory to his co-religion- 

 ists, that is enough. That the admirers of Lord Brougham 

 (who is this very day at Birmingham as indefatigable as 

 ever in his endeavours to promote in all possible ways the 

 social condition of his fellows) will be delighted with this 

 very striking likeness of him there can be little doubt. 

 The character and expression of the noble and learned 

 Lord have been most happily secured, — the credit in this 

 case being probably due as much to the sitter as to the 

 artist ; for we have no doubt that the thoughtfulness so 

 strongly marked on the countenance of Lord Brougham 

 may be traced to the speculations on which his mind is 

 for the moment engaged — as to the optical and chemical 



* A small quantity is quoted at 4d. the lb.=40d. now. 



Sir George Leman Tuthill (2"'^ S, iv, 150,), 

 President of the Hospitals of Bridewell and Beth- 

 lem, was the son of John Tuthill, a solicitor at Hales- 

 worth, CO. Suffolk ; was born there Feb. 16, 1772, 

 and knighted at Carlton House by the Prince 

 Regent, April 20, 1820. The family of Tuthill 

 were of long standing in the counties of Suffolk and 

 Norfolk. The immediate ancestor of Sir George 

 was Henry Tuthill of Thurston in Norfolk, third 

 son of John Tuthill of Saxlingham ; whose an- 

 cestor, John Tuthill of Westilgate in Saxlingham- 

 Nethergate, died there in 1558. The family still 

 continues at Halesworth and Norwich, I believe. 

 Sir George left an only daughter and heii", Laura. 



The arms in the Heralds' Visitations are " Or, 

 on a chevron, azure, three crescents, argent." The 

 pedigree is continued to the present time in the 

 College of Arms. G. 



Erasmus and Sir Thomas More (2"^ S. iv. 248.) 

 — The anecdote is related very differently, and 

 much more consistently. Erasmus had borrowed 

 a horse of some German prince. The name of the 

 horse was Frederick. The prince had adopted 

 the new theory of the reception of the sacred 

 body by faith. So on the prince applying for his 

 horse to.be sent back, the witty borrower returned 

 this answer : 



" Quod mihi dixisti 

 De Corpore Christi, 

 Crede quod habes, et habes: 

 Idem tibi dico 

 De tuo Frederico, 

 Crede quol habes, et habes," 



The jest was here most applicable, whereas in 

 the form given by R, R, F. it wants both point 

 and consistency. Sir Thomas More and Erasmus, 

 it is well known, both believed in transubstantia- 

 tion. The jest to such a believer would not have 

 been apposite : it applied only to one who main- 

 tained that Christ is received only by faith. That 

 Erasmus firmly believed in transubstantiation is 

 evident from his own words. See his Prefitce to 

 the Treatise on the Eucharist, by Alger, which he 

 published : and his Letter to Pellican of Alsace. 



F. C, H, 



I have shown (1'* S. ii. 263-4.) that these lines 

 occurred in a manuscript of the time of Henry 

 VII. This manuscript contains memorial verses. 

 And here, in a Roman production, the lines are 

 in their proper place. A little examination will 



