174' Sckntiftc IntelUgence.-^Geology. 



and it is probable that Nos. 1 and 2 contain a good deal more 

 than this. All, I have no doubt, in the natural state contain, 

 as No. 3 does, some carbonaceous matter, but the quantity of 

 this is not large.* Dr Gregory adds, that the qnahty of the 

 ironstone of Wardie is not surpassed and scarcely equalled in 

 any iron-work in Scotland. — Communicated hy Captain Boswall 

 of Wardie, 



4, Volcanos of Kamtschatha. — In the second volume of Er- 

 man''s travels, which is soon to appear, the following heights of 

 volcanos are given : The summit of the volcano of Kliutschewsk, 

 4804? metres above the level of the sea ; the summit of the vol- 

 cano of Tolbatschinsk, 2534 metres ; the summit of the volcano 

 of Schiveloutsch, 3214 metres. Kliutschewsk is the highest 

 point in the Peninsula of Kamtschatka. The limit of perpetual 

 snow is 1618 metres. 



5. Temperature of the Mines at the Leadhills and of some 

 Springs on the Rhine. — On occasion of a late visit to the district of 

 Leadhills (says Professor Forbes, in a note to the editor), I sug- 

 gested to my friend and former pupil, Mr Irving of Newton, the 

 importance of determining the temperature of the springs in the 

 bottom of Leadhill mines at this particular epoch ; the workings 

 having been discontinued since the end of March, any supposed 

 influence of animal heat and lights is avoided, and yet the pump- 

 ing of the water has been regularly carried on. Mr Irving 

 immediately and zealously undertook the inquiry, and descend- 

 ed to the deepest part of the mine on the 16th of May, and 

 found the temperature of the water m the bottom to be 49°. 

 This was at a depth of ninety-five fathoms below the Barrow 

 Road or entrance to the Susanna vein. A spring at the upper 

 level had a temperature of 44°. The temperature of the air at 

 seventy-five fathoms, where there was free circulation, was 53°, 

 and at about half that depth, also in a current, it was only 50°, 

 The facts are therefore entirely in accordance with published 

 observations on the increase of temperature with depth, and are, 

 I presume, the first of the kind made with care in Scotland. 



* The ironstone of Wardie is also interesting not only on account of the 

 coprolites it contains, but also from its having afforded many new and rare 

 fossil fishes, discovered there by Lord Greenock, of which descriptions and 

 figures have been published in Agassiz's great work on fossil fishes. 



