of the Island of Cerigo and its Dependencies. 273 



coarse limestone have been quarried for building-stones. Castri, 

 in the bay of San Nicolo, was the site of the ancient sea-port 

 town called Scandea, a little to the east of which there are ex.. 

 tensive quarries, supposed to have been worked by the Greeks 

 for the construction of their town ; and at present there are quar- 

 'ries in the creek of Felloti, and on the high ground of Perati, 

 where the limestone is very compact. 



In noticing the distribution of the clay and limestone, Cerf- 

 gotto is not mentioned, because there we have only the limestone 

 at the north harbour, and the valleys are covered by a deposit of 

 a different nature. This deposit is a slaty, white or grey m.arl, 

 varying in compactness, containing layers of menilite of a few 

 inches thick ; only in one part, viz. at the lower end of the west 

 valley, where the marl is less slaty and more compact, we 

 observed marine and fresh-water fossil shells of the genera Lym- 

 nea and Ostrea. From the occurrence of the menilite, we are 

 inclined to refer this to the lower division of the gypsum for- 

 mation. 



Although somewhat foreign to our subject, we may state that 

 deposits, containing shells similar to the clay and limestone of 

 Cerigo, were observed in the Gulfs of Kolokythi and Koroni, 

 also between the town of Modon and Cape Gallo ; but, as 

 the remarks were made in a cursory way, I may be mistaken in 

 my conclusion. 



In Cerigo and Cerigotto, we meet with a conglomerate, 

 covering the rocks just mentioned. It consists of a basis or 

 ground of marl, holding together rolled fragments of limestone, 

 quartz, felspar, and sometimes serpentine. At Santa Pelagia 

 we see, apparently the same conglomerate passing into a sand- 

 stone containing abundance of pectunculi. No other fossil or- 

 ganic remains were observed in it, consequently we were unable 

 to determine its age ; but in a few places it contains caves, in 

 which were imbedded, in calcareous sinter, the bones of animals 

 belonging to the class mammalia. In the creek of Nessachia, 

 on the north-west coast of Cerigo, there is a small cave in this 

 rock, situated about twenty feet above the level of the sea. It 

 is divided into a right and left chamber. The former is so 

 high throughoutits whole extent that we can stand upright in il, 



