326 Proceedmgs of the British Associatioiu 



position of Bath Water, as recently determined by him, and detail- 

 ed the methods of analysis which he adopted, and the results at 

 which he arrived. 



Dr Hare next described his apparatus for the analysis, on the 

 plan'of Volta, of Gaseous Mixtures. 



Mr Herapath read a paper on the Theory of the Aurora Borea- 

 li?. He stated that he always found this phenomenon to be low in 

 the atmosphere, and in connection with clouds. Hence he inferred 

 that it is occasioned by electricity passing from the clouds. 



Section C. — Geology and Geography. 



President — Rev. Dr Buckland. 



Vice Presidents — R. Griffith, Esq., G. B. Greenouqh, Esq. 



(For Geography) R. I. Murchison, Esq, 

 Secretaries — W. Sanders, Esq., S. Stutchbury, Esq., T. J. 

 ToRRiE, Esq. 

 (For Geography) F. Harrison Rankin, Esq. 



A memoir was read by Mr E. Charlesworth, being a notice 

 of Verteb rated Animals found in the Crag of Norfolk and Suf- 

 folk. The principal object in bringing forward this subject, was 

 to establish the fact of the remains of mammiferous animals be- 

 ing associated with the mollusca of the tertiary beds above the 

 London clay, in the eastern counties of England. These remains 

 are confined to a part of the Crag formation, which appears to 

 extend from Cromer in Norfolk, to within a few miles of Aid- 

 borough in Suffolk, and the depth of which was very great, wells 

 having been sunk in it without reaching its bottom. The bones 

 of fish, and a large portion of the testacea met with in the stra- 

 tum, differ widely from those of the coralline beds, and from that 

 part of the Crag deposit which skirts the southern coast of Es- 

 sex and Suffolk. Among the mammalia, which the author states 

 really belong to the Crag, is the Mastodon angustidens, of which se- 

 veral teeth have recently been obtained in Norfolk from localities 

 adjoining the parish of Withingham, the spot from which Dr W. 

 Smith states the specimen to have been procured which is figured 

 in his " Strata Identified." Mr Charlesworth conceived the disco- 

 very of the remains of the mastodon in this formation, as affording 

 an argument to prove the relative ages of these rocks, as no remains 

 of this animal have been found in America in beds more ancient than 



