114 Captain Newbold on the Temperature of Springs. 



N. B. — The latitude and longitude have been omitted in the 

 above register ; but after making allowance for the more rapid run 

 of the Cleopatra than that of the vessel in which I left India, and 

 calculating from Bombay to the Straits of Babelmandel, and thence 

 to Suez, an approximation may be made to the vessel's situation at 

 the time of taking the observations. The indications could not be 

 adjusted to the standard thermometer of the Society. 



Note on the Thermal Springs of the Peninsula of India, — Since 

 my arrival here, my friend Mr Malcolmson has put into my hands- 

 the first volume of the Bombay Medical and Physical Transactions, 

 where I find, p. 257, a few notes on the thermal springs in the 

 Konkan, by A. Duncan, Esq. The geographical distribution of 

 these springs corroborates the remark in my paper, under the head 

 of thermal springs, viz., '* That the majority of the springs termed 

 thermal occur in India at or near lines of great faults." The ther- 

 mal springs, mentioned by Mr Duncan, lie at the base of the West- 

 ern Ghaut elevation, intermediate betv/een the mountains and the 

 sea, generally from 16 to 24 miles, or thereabout, inland from the 

 latter. The line of springs follows pretty nearly that of the moun- 

 tains, viz., nearly north and south ; and extends from the vicinity 

 of Surat, or about 21° N. lat. to South Bajapore. They are sup- 

 posed to exist still farther south, following, at irregular intervals^ 

 the line of West Ghauts to Ceylon, Not less than twelve are 

 known to exist between Dasgaun and South Bajapore, viz. — 



1 at Oonale, in the taluk of Viziadroog. 



3 in the Rutnaghirry taluk, at Rajwaree, Tooril, and Sungmairy. 



1 at Arowlee, in the Konedree taluk. 



1 at Mat, Hatkumbee Mahal. 



1 at Oonale, in the Natoe Palivan Mahal, Severndroog. 



3 at Oonale, Jaffrabad Mahal. 



1 at Savi, in the Ryghur taluk, Bhar Nergannah. 



1 at Oonale, Sankse taluk, Mahal Palee. 



12 total. 



Oonale is the native term for a hot spring. The temperature of 

 all the springs examined exceeded, with a single exception, 100° 

 Fahr., and amounted to 109°. That of Tooril, which, unfortu- 

 nately, was not thermo metrically ascertained, appeared to Mr Dun- 

 can to be almost at the boiling point. The water was not found to 

 be mineral, though impregnated with sulphuretted hydrogen. A 

 little higher up, in the hill where the thermal spring, No. 1, occurs, 

 is a singular intermittent cold spring, over which a temple has beea 

 built. It is resorted to by crowds of Hindoos, during the season 

 when the fountain periodically flows, viz., during the hot months. 

 A more minute analysis of the water, and a more continued series of 

 thermometric obsei-vations, are a great desideratum. 



