3S^ Prof. Bischof on the Temperature of 



dominions between the Elbe and the Rhine have temperatures 

 from 5^°.^5 to 62°.175, and for the most part have been found 

 not to have varied during twelve years of observation. 



In the Erzgebirge, in the Riesengebirge, and in the Bohe- 

 mian Mittelgebirge, the temperature of the mineral springs also 

 exceeds, in general, the mean temperature of the place. The 

 Wiesen, or Jobsbad, near Annaberg, has a temperature of 70°.25; 

 the Wolkensteiner Bad, 83°.75 ; Landeck, 66°.875 to 83°.813 ; 

 Warmbrunn, 95° to 99°.5; Toeplitz, 79°.25 to 117°.5; and the 

 celebrated Carlsbader Sprudel, 164!°.75. 



Moravia also offers several examples of warm springs ; for 

 instance, the sulphurous waters of Ullersdorf, which have 88°.25. 

 Hot springs are very abundant in Hungary, Transylvania, 

 Sclavonia, and Croatia ; the hottest of them attain 88° .25 to 

 144!°.5. There are a great many warm springs on the Caucasus, 

 several of which almost reach the boiling point.* 



In the interior of Germany, in Bavaria, and Wiirtemberg, 

 there are comparatively few hot springs, commonly so called ; 

 there are, however, many which may be considered as thermal. 

 The Ludwigsbad, near Wipfeld, has 56°.75 ; the salt springs 

 at Reichenhall and Kissingen, 56°.75 to69°.125; the mineral 

 springs at Canstadt,63° 5 to ()8°.0; the Liebenzeller Bad, 76°.325; 

 and the Wildbad, 88°.25 to 97°.25. The Grand Duchy of 

 Baden also possesses several thermal springs, among which 

 Baden-Baden, having a temperature of 128°. 75 to 153°.5, is 

 particularly remarkable. 



A great number of thermal springs are found in the Alps. 

 In Krain, the temperature of the Toeplitza rises to 97°.816 ; 

 that of the Baths of Montefalcone, near Trieste, to 100°.625. In 

 Carinthia, the hottest is the Villacher Bad, having 79°.25 ; in 

 Styria, the Romerbad at Tyffer, and the baths at Neuhaus, of 

 43°.875 to 98°.825 ; in the Archduchy of Austria, the sulphur- 

 ous warm spring at Baden, of 83°.75 to 99°.5 ; in Salzburg, the 

 celebrated Gasteiner Wildbad, of 99°. 5 to 117°.5. 



In Tyrol thermal springs are numerous: According to the 

 observations made, at my request, by my friend Professor En- 



• Hermann Untersuchungen der Mineralquellen am Kaukasus, &c. — in 

 the Nouveaux Memoires de la Soc. Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscow, 

 vol. ii. p. 387. 



