Sept. 9. 1854.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



211 



" I want ye to mak a sute for our Jacky." I 

 "want you to make a coffin. 



How old are you ? " I'se eighty-one years of 

 age. I'se livin on borrowed days." 



"After he hit me o' th' heead I was dateless ,•" 

 that is, I took no note of time. 



"It imitates sele;" i.e. it is like willow, or 

 sallow. 



" Bairn's gettin an unmannerly brat on." The 

 child has got an untidy pinafore. 



A mannerly crop is a good crop. 



I shall be obliged by information upon the 

 change of hurgh into borough. Places (1 believe 

 all) that now end in borough, as Peterborough, 

 Aldborough, Mexborough, originally had the ter- 

 mination burgh, as Peterburgh, &c. I have Bawd- 

 wen's translation of Domesday, but do not find 

 borough in it as a termination. When, and how, 

 did the change from burgh into borough take 

 place ? J. W. Faebeb. 



Ingleborough, anciently Ingleburgh, parish 

 of Clapham, in the W. R. of Yorkshire. 



In the course of pastoral visitation, I recently 

 heard the following from a poor old woman in Hull, 

 who was complaining of a lady who had called on 

 her, and commiserated with her in her poverty, but 

 had not opened her purse to her. It has all the 

 air of a proverb, and I have not met with it in 

 any of the collections : " Pity without help is like 

 mustard without beef." H. T. G. 



Hull. 



CLAY TOBACCO-PIPES. 

 (Vol. X., p. 48.) 



It seems certain that a habit of smoking had 

 been acquired in England long before the days of 

 Sir Walter Raleigh, and yet we seem to be left 

 in the dark respecting what ingredient was chiefly 

 consumed before the " Indian weed " was intro- 

 duced ; if smoking had been indulged in to any 

 extent before this, it would doubtless be many 

 years ere tobacco would become universal. Can 

 none of your correspondents rummage up their 

 stores of " auld warldly lore," and throw a little 

 more light upon this curious subject ? Dr. Whit- 

 aker in his Loidis and Elmete, tells us that after 

 the tower of Kirkstall Abbey was blown down, 

 Jan. 27, 1779, he discovered several little tobacco- 

 pipes imbedded in the mortar of the fallen frag- 

 ments, similar in shape to those used in the reign 

 of James I. This tower was completed in the 

 reign of Henry VII. Not many years ago an old 

 house, built not later than Henry VIII.'s time, 

 was standing at Seacroft, near Leeds ; on demolish- 

 ing it, several small clay pipes were found beneath 

 the foundations ; they were similar in pattern to 

 those of the seventeenth century. Great numbers 



of tobacco-pipe heads are found about Leeds, but 

 these date no further back than 1749, being doubt- 

 less relics of General Wade's encampment. I re- 

 member some noble elms being cut down at 

 Sheepscar ; about the roots some scores of these 

 pipe heads were found, but only one entire speci- 

 men, which is now in my possession. I have 

 picked them up, too, in the fields about Tockwith 

 and Hessay, bordering upon Marston Moor ; in- 

 deed, they are common enough in all our districts 

 through which the soldiery of the great civil war 

 may have marched. The country people call them 

 " fairy pipes," simply from their small size. The 

 pipe and pipe-mould occur on Yorkshire tokens of 

 the seventeenth century, and the little figure our 

 tobacconists still hang out, a negro with a pipe ia 

 his mouth, and a roll of " pigtail " under one arm, 

 also occurs on another. A common remark often 

 made when one person manages to ruffle the tem- 

 per of another is " he has got his pipe put out," 

 a local phi-ase synonymous with " drawing his 

 peg," but perhaps more obscure in its origin. 



John Dixon. 



Southey's Common-place Book, vol. i. p. 469., 

 contains an extract from Whitaker's Loidis and 

 Elmete, p. 119., recording a discovery of pipes im- 

 bedded in the mortar of Kirkstall Abbey, which 

 is cited to prove " that prior to the introduction 

 of tobacco from America, the practice of inhaling 

 the smoke of some indigenous vegetable prevailed 

 in England." 



Similar discoveries have been, I believe, _ made 

 in Scotland, which are probably mentioned in Dr. 

 Wilson's ArchtBology, at present beyond my reach. 

 I have myself heard of the discovery, imbedded in 

 the walls of an old keep in the south of Scotland, 

 of a pipe which, from the description, agrees ex- 

 actly with those mentioned by Mb. Riley, of which 

 several are preserved in the Museum of the 

 Scottish Antiquaries. I could not ascertain any 

 farther particulars, however, at the time. 



By these and similar instances it may appear 

 probable that those described by Me. Rilet go 

 farther back than the beginning of the seventeenth 

 century, although it is impossible of course to fix 

 any period. I can answer for the continuance at 

 the present day, in the south of Scotland, of a 

 custom probably far older than the introduction 

 of tobacco, though now confined to boys, or nearly 

 so : that of smoking fog, the Scottish term for the 

 grey branching lichens to be found everywhere. 

 I have repeatedly seen, or rather smelt, this done. 

 The smoke is very penetrating and pungent. 



W. H. Scott. 



Clifton. 



The following riddle, headed " Tabacco," is a 

 slight addition to the evidence collected by B. H. C. 



