360 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 262, 



Pots, the bowels. The Idea corresponds with 

 a vessel fit to hold somethhig, and therefore it is 

 of the same root with a pot of any sort, 



Praunce, for prance ; as daunce for dance. 



Preedy. On an even balance, and ready to turn 

 or vibrate with a very slight difference of weight. 

 The beam of a pair of scales when very tenderly 

 hung on the pivot, and ready to swerve from a 

 slight cause, is said to be preedy. 



Proud. This word is often used without any 

 reference to the state of the mind ; but simply as 

 implying exuberance or overfulness. Thus, when 

 springs of water are running freely, they are said 

 to be proud ; and a shower in the morning, when 

 it is ushering in a fine day, is said to proceed 

 from the pride of the morning. 



Punging, the exposed end of a house. It means 

 that end which particularly belongs to a house ; 

 for, as in a street only one house, which is the one 

 at the end, can be said to have both of its end 

 walls its own (every other house resting on the 

 wall of the next house at one end), that wall which 

 comes last or first in the row is called the punging 

 end. Home Tooke says it means " the mansion 

 end" (xvil.) ; but it is never pronounced punjion, 

 as it is often written in books. 



Purt, a sharp displeasure, smart resentment. A 

 common phrase is, such a one " has taken a purtS* 



Quarrell, the ordinary word for a pane of glass. 

 The word is old Norman-French for a square, and 

 may only mean the form in which a pane was 

 formerly made. 



Raert, right ; raertforward is right forward. 



Rake. The wind is said by sailors to rake from 

 any given point, when it blows gently, so as to be 

 known by its moving or drawing the clouds in or 

 from that direction. In this case it seems to ex- 

 press a comparison to a garden rake, as directing 

 the clouds in a certain course, although not well 

 marked. The word rake is also often used when 

 a person is said to be raking up scandal, or some 

 offensive subject which had been laid to rest, and 

 was supposed to have been forgotten. 



^Rdny, a ridge of low rough rocks in the sea, 

 covered and uncovered by the tide. There are 

 places that have a local name from being such 

 rocks ; but the word is applied to such rocks oc- 

 curring anywhere. It is written renny on some 

 charts, but is not so pronounced. 



Reem, the surface of fluid. It is particularly 

 applied to milk, especially after it has been scalded 

 to form cream. But the word reem, as meaning 

 the surface, is also applied to the sea. It does not 

 correspond with the word border or brim, in any 

 of its applications. Burns uses the word In its 

 Cornish sense in his " Twa Dogs ; " and Leland 

 employs the words bryme and brim, with the 

 meaning of our reem. It appears, therefore, that 

 our local meaning was formerly the general and 

 proper one ; and that it was not limited to sig- 



nify the margin only, but implied the whole 

 surface. 



Rheme, to stretch or extend a substance, as 

 India-rubber will do. As a verb. It is applied to 

 the substance to be rhemed, and the person who 

 rhemes it. 



Rode. The proper and sensible way of doing a 

 thing ; the proper skill to accomplish an object. 

 Burns uses the word rede In the same sense, and 

 sometimes to signify prudent advice. 



Rodling, wandering in the mind ; beginning to 

 be mad. 



Ropp, a technical word for a string or thong 

 made of animal substance. It also means, to tie 

 up. There is a phrase, " to rap and ring," which 

 appears to include this word ; for it signifies, to 

 employ every possible sort of contrivance and 

 exertion for an object ; generally with the idea of 

 trickery as well as labour. 



Rouch, roche, rough. This has a close affinity 

 for the old French word for rocks in the sea. 



Rouh, rough. 



Roving, for raving ; but commonly used for 

 anything very severe — as a high degree of pain, 

 however firmly fixed. Video. 



COUSIN S " LECTCKES ON KANT. 



I beg to point out a strange blunder Into which 

 Victor Cousin has been betrayed, In giving a 

 French dress to Kant's celebrated, and, in my 

 judgment, finally complete distinction laetween 

 analytical and synthetical judgments. I append 

 an extract from Mr. Henderson's scholarly trans- 

 lation. I have not, however, depended upon It. 

 The blunder I am about to point out I first ob- 

 served in the original text : 



" It is necessary to distinguish between the axioms of 

 geometry and its true principles. The first are purely 

 analytical, &c. . . . The axioms ... are indispensable, 

 but unproductive . . . the true geometrical principles are 

 the definitions [those of a triangle, a circle, and a straight 

 line, are instanced] which are synthetical d priori judg- 

 ments." 



Now, on this point Kant has been extremely 

 curt, but likewise extremely precise and perspi- 

 cuous ; Insomuch that It is certain that a reader 

 who misunderstands Kant here has no chance of 

 understanding him elsewhere. He does not, In 

 the place referred to by Cousin, employ the terms 

 " axioms" and " definitions ;" but what in Euclid, 

 and in any possible geometrical system, are and 

 must be the axioms, he (Kant) clearly shows to 

 be synthetical judgments a priori ; and what are 

 truly the definitions of Euclid he as clearly shows 

 to be analytical judgments ! 



If I shall not be taking up too much of your 

 space, I will add a table of axioms of geometry, in 



