Nov. 4. 1854.] 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



361 



which no error can possibly enter, if Kant be (as 

 I am certain he is) correct in this distinction : 



Table of Axioms. 



1. A st-aight line is one which is symmetrically 

 placed between its (extreme) points. (It is called 

 in Euclid a definition, and is redundant, no use 

 being made of it by Euclid.) 



2. Two straight lines do not include a space. 



3. Parallel, or equidistant straight lines, are 

 those which, being in the same plane, and pro- 

 duced in both directions to infinity, do not, in 

 either direction, meet one another. (Called in 

 Euclid a definition.) 



4. And if a straight line, falling upon two 

 straight lines, make the two interior angles in the 

 same direction equal to two right angles, these two 

 straight lines produced to infinity meet one another 

 in the direction in which are the angles less than 

 two right angles. 



5. AH straight lines are equal to one another. 



6. A plane superficies is one in which any two 

 points being taken, the straight line between them 

 lies wholly in that superficies. (It is called in 

 Euclid a definition, and is there redundant.) 



I need hardly add, that all other so-called 

 axioms and definitions of Euclid (such as " the 

 whole is greater than its part," " a triangle is a 

 plane figure of three sides,") are true definitions, 

 and express analytical judgments, 



C. Mansfield Inglebt. 



P, S. — I have written a work on the subject of 

 Judgments and their Mutual Relations in Theory, 

 being the elements of material (in contradistinction 

 to formal) logic. This work is nearly ready for 

 the press ; but, until I can see my way to making 

 it pay its expenses, it must be on the shelf. 



EUGENE ABAM. 



Pray find room for the following cutting : 



" Copy of a manuscript found on a table in the cell of 

 Eugene Aram, who was executed at York on the 6th of 

 August inst., for the murder of Mr. Daniel Clark, of 

 Knaresborough, in February, 1744-5. It was written 

 before an attempt he had made, the morning of his exe- 

 cution, to take away his own life, by cutting his arm in 

 two places with a razor. 



" ' What am I better than my fathers ? To die is na- 

 tural and necessary. Perfectly sensible of this, I fear no 

 more to die than I did to be bom : but the manner of it 

 is something which should, in my opinion, be decent and 

 manly. I think I have regarded both these points. Cer- 

 tainly nobody has a better right to dispose of man's life 

 than himself, and he, not others, should determine how. 

 As for any indignities offered to my body, or silly reflec- 

 tions on my faith and morals, they are (as they always 

 were) things indiff^erent to me. I think, though contrary 

 to the common way of thinking, I wrong no man by this, 

 and hope it is not offensive to that Eternal Being that 

 formed me and the world ; and, as by this I injure no 



man, no man can be reasonably offended. I solicitously 

 recommend myself to the Eternal and Almighty Being, 

 the God of Nature, if I have done amiss. But perhaps I 

 have not ; and I hope this thing will never be imputed to 

 me. Though I am now stained by malevolence, and suffer 

 by prejudice, I hope to rise fair and unblemished. My 

 life was not polluted, my morals irreproachable, and my 

 opinions orthodox. 



" ' I slept soundly till three o'clock, awaked, and then 

 writ these lines : 



" ' Come, pleasing Rest, eternal Slumber, fall ; 

 Seal mine, that once must seal the eyes of all. 

 Calm and composed my soul her journey takes. 

 No guilt that troubles, and no heart that aches. 

 Adieu ! thou Sun, all bright like her arise ; 

 Adieu! fair Friends, and all that's good and wise.' " 

 Gloucester Journal, Sept. 4, 1759. 



In the same paper occurs the following : 



" The morning after he was condemned he confessed 

 the justice of his sentence, but reflected on the integrity 

 and candour of the Court. Being asked by a clergyman 

 what his motive was for committing the murder, he said, 

 he suspected Clark of having an unlawful commerce with 

 his wife ; that he was persuaded, at the time when he 

 committed the murder, he did right, but since he has 

 thought it wrong." 



Are these statements to be relied on ? If so, 

 how can we reconcile the spirit of the MS. with 

 the confession ? And farther still, how can either 

 be reconciled with the character of Aram, as 

 painted by Bulwer ? " The man of pure and 

 lofty imaginings " could scarcely have written 

 such a MS., filled as it is with false and self- 

 sufficient ideas. B.. C. Wabdb. 



Kidderminster. 



monumentaij brasses. 



The following is the commencement of a con- 

 siderable number of additions and corrections to 

 Manning's List of Monumental Brasses, gathered 

 partly from personal observation, and partly from 

 recent publications. The remainder shall be for- 

 warded from time to time, if it appear desirable, 

 in order that any future edition of the List may 

 be rendered as complete as possible. 



BEKKSHIRE. 



Binfield. W. de Annesfordhe, priest, 1361. 

 Dencheworth. W. Hyde and wife (mural), 1662. 

 Hampstead. T. Berwicke (demi-figure), 1443. 

 Kentbury. John Gunter and wife, 1624. 

 Cholsey. John Barfoot (inscription), 1361. 

 Cholsey. John Bate (inscription), 1394. 

 Cholsey. John Mere, priest, 1471. 

 Lambourn, John Estbury and son, c. 1410, 

 Lamboum. John Estbury, c. 1480. 

 Winkfield. Thomas Montague (mural), 1630. 



BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. 



Amersham. H. Brudenell and wife, 1430. 

 Bletchley. Edward Taylor, 1693. 

 Chenies. E. Molyneux and wife, 1484. 

 Chenies. Anna Phelip, 1510. 

 Chesham. R. Cheyne and wife, 1552. 

 Claydon. A. Anne, priest with chaUce, 1526. 



