342 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 261. 



a task. Would that he could be tempted to 

 achieve it ! James J. Scott. 



Downshire Hill, Hampstead. 



NATIONAL BENEFACTORS. 



Will you allow me to suggest that under the 

 above heading might be made a most interesting 

 list — one peculiarly within the province of " N. 

 & Q.," and one to which most of your numerous 

 and intelligent correspondents will be ready to 

 add — of men who, by introducing some plant, 

 invention, or custom, theretofore unknown in this 

 country, have either rendered themselves no- 

 torious, or have deserved well of their country ? 

 *' N. & Q." should rescue from oblivion such 

 names : I send a contribution as a beginning, and 

 hope more will follow : 



"Pines were first grown in this country by Rose, 

 gardener to Charles II. They grow in Burmah, but are 

 not appreciated by the natives, who prefer eating lizards, 

 snakes, and animals that have died of diseases." — Glou- 

 cester Journal, July 16, 1853. 



" Sir Walter Raleigh introduced the potato.* Sir An- 

 thony Ashlej', the ancestor of Lord Shaftesbury, first 

 planted cabbages in this country, and a cabbage appears 

 at his feet on his monument. Sir Richard Weston brought 

 over clover grass from Flanders in 1645. Figs were 

 planted in Henry VIII.'s reign, at Lambeth, by Cardinal 

 Pole ; and it is said the identical trees are yet remaining. 

 Spelman, who erected the first paper-mill at Dartford in 

 1590, brought over the first two lime-trees, which he 

 planted at Dartford, and which are still growing there. 

 Thomas Lord Cromwell enriched the gardens of England 

 with three diff'erent kinds of plums. It was Evelyn, whose 

 patriotism was not exceeded by his learning, who largely 

 propagated the noble oak in this country ; so much so, 

 that the trees which he planted have supplied the navy 

 of Great Britain with its chief proportion of that timber. 

 Cherries were first planted in Kent by the Knights 

 Templars, who brought them from the East ; and the first 

 mulberry trees were also planted in Kent by the Knights 

 of St. John of Jerusalem." — Correspondent of South- 

 Eastern Gazette, July 12, 1853. 



^ With reference to Sir Richard Weston, men- 

 tioned above, I beg to add the following extract 

 from Britton and Brayley's History of Surrey 

 (1850), vol. ii. p. 19. : 



" Aubrey says (iii. 229.), ' Sir Richard Weston brought 

 the first clover grass, about 1645, out of Brabant or 

 Flanders.' The introduction of turnips, and also of sain- 

 foin, is also attributed to him, and his memory is still 

 revered by every inhabitant of Surrey acquainted with his 

 deeds. He died in 1652. According to Manning, 'he 

 first introduced the method of collecting water for the 

 purpose of navigation by locks erected thereon, which he 

 brought with him out of Flanders ; and it was under his 

 direction that the plan for rendering the Wey navigable 



[* Dr. Smith Barton has pointed out the very common 

 error, that Sir Walter Raleigh introduced this useful 

 vegetable from Virginia. It was first described by Caspar 

 Bauhin in 1590, and afterwards brought into this country, 

 whence it was dispersed over Europe. See Thomson's 

 Lectures on the Elements of Botany. 1 



from the Thames to Guildford (by a bill brought into the 

 House of Commons Dec. 26, 1650, and passed into an act 

 June 26, 1651), was carried into execution.' (Surrev, 

 voLi. p. 134.)" 



Tee Bee. 



Homsey Road. 



Minax ^attS. 



Sevastopol Twenty Years since, and its anticipated 

 Attack by the English. — 



" Ce qui m'avait le plus frappe h Sevastopol, c'etait de 

 voir ce port de guerre si fortifie du cote de la mer, tandis 

 que du cote de terre il n'etait a I'abris du plus faible coup 

 de main. La ville, dans tout son pourtour, etait com- 

 pletement ouverte ; pas une porte, pas le plus Mger petit 

 rempart. Toutes les rues debouchaient sur une immense 

 place vague, et pour ainsi dire dans la steppe oii.s'ega- 

 raient maints chemins, maints sentiers, k IBalaklava, k 



Tchorgouna, au Monastfere de Saint George 



Aujourd'hui, je suppose que tout ceci a change, et que 

 I'idee qui etait venue, que les Anglais en cas de guerre 

 pourraient operer une descente sur un point quelconque 

 de la Chersonfese, et tourner ainsi la position de Sevas- 

 topol, aura fait construire le raur d'enceinte projete pour 

 sa defense. La ville n'}' gagnera pas en agrement ; mais 

 la premiere condition d'une ville de guerre, s'est de pou- 

 voir se defendre." — Dubois de Montpereux, Voyage au- 

 tour du Caucase, tome vi. p. 213. 



X. Y. 



The Emperor of Morocco pensioned by England. 

 — The privy-purse and secret service expenses, 

 extending from March, 1721, to March, 1725, 

 published in 1725, contain an extraordinary 

 number of gifts to the piratical princes of North 

 Africa. If not designed for the deliverance of 

 captives, what was the policy which dictated, in 

 George I., this courtesy to savages ? 



" To Charles Stuart, Esq., late Plenipo- £ s. d. 

 tentiary, to negotiate a peace with the 

 Emperor of Morocco, on his allowance 1641 



To George Hudson, as a present from his 



Majesty to the Dey of Algiers - - 520 



To John Adams of London, merchant, for 



presents to the Em.peror of Morocco - 2000 



To Charles Stuart, Esq., for things pre- 

 sented by his Majesty to the Emperor 

 of Morocco 1257 



To William Day, woollen-draper, for 

 cloth as a present to the Emperor of 

 Morocco 3911 7 5 



To Sir Clement Cotterell, Knt., Master of 

 the Ceremonies, as a present to Isufi^ 

 Chogia, from the Bey of Tunis, and to 

 his servant, and for their charges, and 

 their voyage back - - - - 540 14 



To Sir Clement Cotterell, as a present to 



the Morocco ambassador - - - 847 1 



To Moses Beranger, Esq., for credit to 

 Captain Charles Stuart, Plenipoten- 

 tiarv at Morocco, and for Bills of 

 Exchange 5298 3 4 



To John Adams, merchant, for the en- 

 largement of the British captives in 



Morocco 1621 17 6" 



J. Waylen. 



