526 Zoological Society. 



simple articulations, the last one having a nail. The metatarsal bone 

 is only connected to the others by muscle: the whole length of the 

 toe is 1 inch : the second toe has three phalanges : the third has four : 

 and there are five belonging to the fourth toe. All are formed as 

 is usual in this class. 



" The ligaments of the head and trunk are of the usual form. 



" In addition to these a ligament arises from the sesamoid bones 

 of the elbow-joint, which passes to the external or dorsal side of 

 the carpus, where it is tied down ; it again passes forwards, and is 

 attached by separate slips to the joint and head of the first part of 

 the metacarpus and to the first phalanx of the first finger ; and is in- 

 serted into the second about 3 lines from its head. 



" The ligaments of the hip-joint are as usual. 



" Besides the usual ligaments of the knee-joint there is one which 

 arises together with the crucial, and is attached to the patella half- 

 way down the central line. The form of the semilunar cartilages is 

 crescentic, with prolonged horns. 



" The ankle-joint has semilunar cartilages of the usual form. 



" There are superior and inferior annular ligaments belonging to 

 the metatarsus. 



" In no other instance is there any deviation from the usual form. 



" There is a very large bursa situated within the knee-joint. 



" The muscles were of a dark red colour, very tough, and having 

 a great deal of cellular membrane amongst them. The fascia were 

 very thick and strong. In no instance did I observe any tendency 

 to ossification in the tendons. In the tendons of the perforatus of 

 the first and second toes there was a sesamoid bone, scarcely 

 equalling in size a mustard-seed. 



" The panniculus carnosus is very thick and strong, and is divided 

 into three pieces. The first division arises muscular from the lateral 

 parts of the skin of the shoulder, back, and under the wing ; from the 

 fascia of the muscles of the back ; tendinous along the superior 

 edge of the furculum ; tendinous from the fascia covering the mus- 

 cles of the shoulder ; muscular from the blubber over the shoulder- 

 joint ; and by a small head from the inferior part of the cervical 

 fascial it passes upwards, uniting anteriorly and posteriorly to its 

 fellow, and is attached, muscular, into the superior transverse ridge 

 of the occipital bone, and to the posterior third of the sides of the 

 lower jaw. The second portion arises from the dorsal fascia by five 

 irregular fleshy slips : it passes downwards, and is attached to the 

 blubber covering the back and sides, sending forwards a membra- 

 nous slip, which is attached to the skin of the abdomen. The last 

 portion arises fleshy from the tubercle of the tibia, and from the 

 peritoneal fascia : and, covering the abdominal muscles, is attached 

 very firmly to the skin of the abdomen, sending off two slips, which 

 unite with their fellows over the central line. 



" The occipito frontalis is small, arising posteriorly from the pan- 

 niculus carnosus, and inserted anteriorly into the frontal bone, just 

 above its junction with the superior maxilla. The orbicularis palpe- 

 brarum arises from the anterior part of the orbit, immediately an- 



