in the Province of Granada, 49 



constitute a soil fit for cultivation. In no part of the line of 

 coast followed from Malaga, eastwards, is the tertiary formation 

 so well and extensively developed as in the neighbourhood of 

 La Carbonera, and the high table-formed hills called I^a Mesa 

 di San Pedro and La Mesa di Roldan, prove that it has once 

 formed an extensive horizontal tract, of considerable elevation, 

 the summit of the Mesa di San Pedro being between 500 and 

 600 feet above the level of the Mediterranean. The volcanic 

 rocks upon which it has been deposited can also be traced from 

 Roalquilar, where the appearance of tertiary beds was first no- 

 ticed, to the base of the Sierra di Cabrera, and are therefore 

 co-extcnsive with its range along the line of coast. 



Careful and minute examination would, no doubt, discover 

 in this tract a large series of tertiary organic remains, most in- 

 teresting as evidence of the species that inhabited the Mediter- 

 ranean Sea at that epoch, but a sufficient number were collected 

 at different points between San Pedro and La Carbonera to 

 prove the general nature of the deposit.* 



Amongst different localities where they were observed in the 

 vicinity of La Carbonera, one may be particularly mentioned. 

 It is at the distance of about two miles inland from the village, 

 in the hilly ground adjacent to the banks of a ravine, in which has 

 been laid bare the subjacent trachytic rock. (See Sect. 13. PI. I.) 

 The banks are formed by masses of cinder-coloured trachyte, 

 studded with small crystals of black volcanic hornblende. In 

 ascending up its right bank over one of these masses, the first 

 substance met with is laminated reddish sandy loam, the lamina? 

 dipping at about 15° from the trachytic mass, no doubt in 

 consequence of subsidence. The rising ground beyond this 



• M . Deshayes identified from this tertiary tract : 



Pecten benedictus. Pecten jacobeus. 



striatus. nov. spec. 



Fragment qui pourrait appartenir au Clipiasler alatus. 

 The following were identified by Mr Sowerby amongst other fossils I pro- 

 cured at the same locality : 



1. Echinus. Balanus cylindricus ? 



2. Clypeaster alatus. Ostreae. 

 And sevei'al undescribed species of Pectens. 



VOL. XVI. KO. XXXT. JAliUARY 1834. D 



