an Aticlent MonumenU, 1C7 



tiquity. Thus, for example, their satyrs, their fawns, and their 

 other rural divinities, such as the pans, the aegipans, and the 

 Jaunisques^ calculated to represent the lubricity of goats, have 

 been pictured by then), as men with shaggy hair, having horns 

 on their brow, and goats'" ears ; far from giving them solid feet, 

 they have constantly figured them with goats'* tails and the cloven 

 feet of hisulcated tribes. 



The affinities of the relation of forms have been so well un- 

 derstood by the artists of antiquity, that possibly they might 

 have remarked the relations of the dental with the muscular 

 system, as also the constant harmony which exists between or. 

 gans apparently unconnected. It is at least certain, that they 

 had observed that whenever animals had horns, they had also 

 cloven feet. All the designs which they have left us of real or 

 imaginary beings, with simple or branched horns, present the 

 organs of motion in harmony with this particular, and this is 

 true even when the figure represents horns on human heads. 



As it regards real beings, on the other hand, such as lions, ti- 

 gers, leopards, hyenas, wolves, foxes, and many other carnivorous 

 animals, drawn or sculptured on the monuments of antiquity, 

 the entire whole, as well as the details of the minutest parts, ex- 

 hibit themselves in keeping with the parts these animals fulfil in 

 nature. 



Of this we may convince ourselves, by glancing at the diffe- 

 rent monuments the ancients have left us to prove the power 

 of harmony. Orpheus, supposed by them to be enchanting the 

 different animals, as much by the charm of his voice, as by the 

 melody of his lyre, is, as it were, surrounded by it. All present 

 there, their distinctive characters. The carnivorous, the pachy- 

 dermata, the glires, the solidungula, and the ruminantia, are 

 there marked by their particular and characteristic traits. They 

 have them with sufficient accuracy, so as to be easily recognised ; 

 as we can recognise their divinities by their respective attributes. 

 It even happens that the ancient artists have extended this ac- 

 curacy to considerations long neglected by naturalists, notwith- 

 standing their importance. 



Thus they have remarked, that, in ruminating animals, with 

 horns and branches, the form and arrangement of these parts 

 was far from being the same, and that their differences might 



