Characters, of the Botanical Alliances, 1^ 



very thick hypogaeous cotyledons (Moringaceae) or the seeds 

 numerous (Parnassieae). 



13. Passiflorales. — Not truly arboreous or not branched ; 

 leaves alternate, simple (exc. some Passifloraceae, Turneraceae), 

 not sessile, petioles often glandular ; stipules (exc. some Pas- 

 sifloraceae). Cirrhi (if any) axillary. Flowers not sessile. 

 Sepals 4-7 and sometimes an inner petaloid series, more or 

 less connate with each other, persistent (exc. some Flacourti- 

 aceae). Corolla (if any) of as many divisions as the calycine 

 row, alternating, not valvate. Having a corolloid or filamen- 

 tous corona (exc. Turneraceae). Stamens not fewer than the 

 calycine row; anthers 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. Carpels 

 S-5 (? 2-9 Flacourtiaceoe), free from the calyx (exc. Belvisi- 

 aceae), connate with each other. Stigmas not sessile (exc. Ca- 

 ricaceae, some Flacourtiaceae). Carpellary leaves spread parie- 

 tally open. PlacentcB parietal, or issuing podosperms from the 

 base (some Malesherbiaceae) , ovules and seeds indefinite, seeds 

 strophiolate or arillate, or cased in pulp or mucus or in a berry. 

 Kmhryo straight or slightly curved (Turneraceae) the radicle 

 not lying on the cotyledons, axile, included in fleshy albumen ; 

 radicle to the hilum. 



14. HoMALiALEs. — Arborcous or frutescent, with round 

 branches, not lactescent ; leaves alternate, simple, not sessile ; 

 stipules present (ex. some Bixaceae, Aquilariaceae), free, usually 

 deciduous. Sexes united. Calycine divisions 3-15, more or 

 less connate at the base, valvate or imbricate, persistent. Pe- 

 tals or 5-15, alternating with the calycine divisions. Stamens 

 not fewer than the calycine divisions, adherent to the calyx or 

 issuing near the base ; anthers 2-celled, bursting inwards lon- 

 gitudinally. Carpels 2-7, free from the calyx (exc. Homaha- 

 ceae), connate with each other ; edges of the carpellary leaves 

 not turned inwards. Stigmas not sessile (exc. Aquilaria). 

 Seeds parietal, indefinite or not more than 1 to each carpel, in 

 pulp or arillate. Embryo included in the albumen (if any), or 

 (in the solitary seeds) exalbuminous with fleshy cotyledons. 



Inclining to a tropical habitat. 



15. Eljeagnales. — Not lactescent; leaves (when present) 

 not truly alternate (exc. some Proteaceae), simple (exc. some 

 Proteaceae) ; stipules 0. Flowers small, usually aggregate or 



