Characters of the Botanical Alliances. 133 



Inflorescence not spadiceous. Perianthine divisions not simu- 

 lating distinct calyx and corolla, divisions (if petaloid) regular, 

 not involute after flowering. Stamens 3-6 ; anthers bilocular. 

 Carpels 2 or 3 or 4, free from the calyx (exc. in some unisexual 

 flowers, Dioscoreaccae). Fruit not drupaceous nor nucamentose. 

 Valves (if any) carrying the dissepiments, hilum not rostellate. 

 Albumen present, enclosing the embryo ; embryo not trochlear ; 

 radicle to the hilum. 



Inclining to a temperate habitat. 



29. Okchidales. — Not annuals, roots not calyptrate ; leaves 

 simple, entire, more or less sheathing. Inflorescence not spadi- 

 ceous, flowers not minute. Perianth in six divisions, not glu- 

 maceous ; the odd exterior division inferior, or by a twisting 

 superior ; three or more of the divisions petaloid, or all petaloid 

 if in a single row. Stamens not more than six. Carpels not 

 more than three, connate with each other, connate with the pe- 

 rianth. Embryo (if formed) included in albumen, not macro- 

 podal. 



Inclining to a warm habitat. 



30. Bromeliales. — Herbaceous or rarely frutescent (some 

 Bromeliaceae) ; leaves (if any) undivided (exc. some Taccaceae). 

 Perianth present, divisions in one or two rows, each row in 

 the male flowers of three divisions, outer row more or less con- 

 nate, inner row petaloid. Stamens 3 or 6 or more, (if 3) facing 

 the inner perianth, adherent to the perianth, free from each 

 other ; anthers two-celled, turned inwards. Carpels 3, connate 

 with each other, connate with the perianth (exc. Tillandsieae, 

 Wachendorfieae). Stigmas not sessile, styles connate. Ovules 

 not basilar, one or two to each carpel or indefinite. Albumen 

 present. [The Rhizanths are not included.] 



References to the Table, 



(^) These are Coniothalami, Idiothalami, Hjmenothalami, Gasterothalami (exc. ? 



Sphaerophoreae). 

 (') Asteraceae are Asteraceae-cichoraceae-mutisiaceae-cynaraceae — followed by ( Xeran- 



themeae)-calendulaceae-arctotideae. 

 Asparagaceae are Convallarinae.parideae-asparageae-aloiaae-anthericeae. 

 Celastraceae are Celastraceae-staphyleaceae-bippocrateae-trigonieae. 

 Hemerocallaceae are tScilleae-hemerocallideae-tulipeae. 

 Oleaceae are Oleaceae-jasmiDaceae. 



Rhinanthaceae are (Hemimerideae-antirTkiDeae)-gerardieae-'('rhinaDtheae. 

 Smilaceae are Smilaceae-dioscoreaceae-troxburgbiaceae. 



