192 Dr Boue's Geographical and Geological 



sition ones of authors), and particularly of the older and me- 

 dial divisions. The chief rocks are clay-slates, of a grey or red 

 colour, grey wacke, conglomerate, compact limestone, sometimes 

 intersected by spathose veins and reddish or whitish sandstones 

 (Pratza, &c.). The immense calcareous masses form lofty and 

 picturesque crags, as along the Verbas, south of Banjaluka, and 

 between Serajevo and Pratza. In other places they form sub- 

 alpine valleys of great beauty, as that of the Lirn, near Prie- 

 pol, that of Millscheda or Miloscheveda, between Zienitza and 

 Priepol, &c. We occasionally find deep calcareous defiles on 

 the banks of the great rivers, as on the Drina south of Zwor- 

 nik, on the Jadar near the castle of Kizlar, and on the Bosna. 

 The Gothic castles of Hissar (south of Priepol), Kizlar, Vran- 

 duk, Zwornik, &c. are situated on the tops of rocks or on craggy 

 walls in these defiles. The calcareous plateaux offer many 

 small funnel-shaped hollows, resembling the combes of the Jura. 

 The limestone is often fossiliferous, containing encrinites, tere- 

 bratulae, pectens, &c. ; and it is probable that many Silurian 

 fossils will be discovered in it. 



The slates of Bosnia are intersected, as in Western Servia, 

 by masses of sienite, sienitic porphyry, and felspar porphyry, 

 as in the Vrt valley, near Tschainitza. Serpentine and Schaal- 

 stein occur near Kizlar and in other places. In the vicinity of 

 these igneous rocks, and especially near the first mentioned, are 

 the silver ores of Crebernitza. The gold of Slatibor (hill of 

 gold), near Uschitze, has probably a similar position. There 

 are rich iron mines in limestone at Maidan, in the neighbour- 

 hood of Banjaluka, and at Foinitza, near Serajevo ; and in these, 

 sparry iron and brown iron-ores occur. The chief founderies 

 are near Bosna-Serai, from whence a great quantity of iron 

 goods are sent into Turkey. It is said that gold was formerly 

 obtained by washing the sand on the Bosnia. 



The compact slightly fossiliferous limestone of the hills and 

 plateaux tuar Albania, distinctly alternates in certain localities 

 with varieties of clay-slate, and even with reddish coloured 

 sandstones, as at Mount Glieb. It would, therefore, be advisa- 

 ble for the present, to class these beds, or at least those lime- 

 stones which are at a distance from Montenegro, among the 

 newer transition-formations. Future travellers will be able to 



