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The author divides Lapland into four regions, each of which is charac- 

 terized by a particular climate, soil, or vegetation, and therefore also by 

 particular species of insects. These regions are the wooded, the *«&- 

 wooded or sub-alpine, the alpine, and the infra-alpine regions. The for- 

 mer of these, from the beginning of June to the end of September, is en- 

 tirely free from snow in the valleys, and, enjoying a very considerable 

 temperature, produces many of the common species of Sweden in some 

 plenty. Elaphrus, Harpalus, Aleocliara, Dytiscus, Hyphydrus, Elater, 

 Cimbex, Tenthredo, numerous Jchneumonidce, Bombus, and multitudes of 

 Diptera (especially Tipulidce), are a few of the genera that we can afford 

 room to name. The sub-alpine region, although lying near the verge of 

 the linm citing snows, is by no means destitute of vegetation in the months 

 of July and August, and maintains among its willows, dwarf birches, and 

 alpine plants, many of the insects found in the lower region, as well as 

 several others peculiar to itself. Among the latter, we may mention 

 Harpalus alpinus, Anthophagus alpinus, Omalium alpinum, Boreaphilus 

 Henningianus, Cantharis Lapponica, Chrysomela Lapponica, Eurytoma 

 minuta, Lyda flavipes, Bassus alpinus, Tabanus alpinus, Gonia fiaviceps, 

 Tachina pubicornis, Musca dolens. Simulice, and Culices, abound in the 

 birch groves of this region, and prove no small annoyance to travellers. 

 The alpine region comprehends the highest mountain ranges in the 

 country, which of course are covered with perennial snows. " Frigido 

 gremio," to use the author's expression, '' minorem numerum insectorum 

 fovet." Yet the greater proportion of such as do inhabit these bleak and 

 dreary solitudes, are peculiar to them, seldom or never descending to the 

 milder regions below. Such are Harpalus Quenseli, var. alpinus, rufipes, 

 Hyphydrus nigrita, Rhynchcenus arciicus, Curculio Icevigatus, Tenthredo 

 opaca, Vespa borealis, (n. s.)* Anthophora inermis, Cryptus pullulator, 

 (n. s.) Bassus pubescens, (n. s.) Bombus alpinus, var. B. nivalis, &c. and 

 about twenty species of Diptera, including, however, very few Tipulidse, 

 yet the occurrence of a few of the latter ought to have led the author to 

 modify the assertion in the commencement of his work, " Tipularisa 

 gummas alpes omnino aufugiunt." We are somewhat surprised at the 

 author assigning Carabus glabratus and Notiophilus aquaticus to his alpine 

 region. The former is certainly an alpine insect in Scotland, but it fre- 

 quently descends the sides of the mountains, and may even be met with 

 occasionally in the valleys, circumstances which would have inclined us 

 to suppose that it would have found its appropriate abode in Lapland, in 

 the sub-alpine zones. The same observations apply still more forcibly to 



* This species, which very closely resembles the common wasp, sometimes 

 descends to the plains. Tlie common wasp, in certain localities, is partial to 

 elevated situations ; it is found at a higher elevation on the Peak of Tene- 

 riflfe, than any other insect. 



