48 Mr. P. J. Martin on the Anticlinal Line of 



tortion or in-egiilar saddle, part at' an anticlinal line, which I shall 

 call the Peasemarsh line. Dr. Fitton having first ])ointed out the 

 rise of the Weald clay at that ])lace. The sudden dip of the chalk 

 at the west end of the Hogsback, and the remarkable pre-emi- 

 nence of the tertiary beds in Farnham Beacon Hill, are produced 

 by this contortion. The Peasemarsh line is here screwed up, as 

 it were, hard to the chalk. In its progress eastward into the 

 broad vale from which it takes its name, it recedes from the chalk 

 and attains its culminating point, or point of greatest intensity, 

 at Peasemarsh, and brings the Weald clay to the surface. And 

 here also, as might be expected, it opens up the transverse fis- 

 sure by which the river Wey is discharged through the chalk at 

 Guildford. Further east this anticlinal valley is prolonged toward 

 Albury and Shire, bringing down one of the tributaries of the 

 Wey ', the lower greensand hills on either side showing the anti- 

 clinal disposition, as Dr. Fitton has already pointed out*. 



Returning westward to Farnham, the line of disturbance is 

 found to have changed its character, and it begins to heave the' 

 gait at Wrackleshamf. Here the anticlinal disposition may be 

 tested by examination of the sand-hollow on the north side of 

 the village by the parsonage house, and in the sand-pits a little 

 further up the stream. A gait saddle succeeds, which, with its 

 synclinal replication toward the central ridge, produces the broad 

 expanse of Alice-holt. F'urther west the gait saddle is continued 

 through Bentley Green, the malm or upper greensand lying on 

 each side, — southerly in the high grounds of Binstead, and north- 

 erly in those of Bentley Church and Berry Court. As the syn- 

 clinal line brings out a great exposure of gait in Alice-holt, so 

 also it produces a great body of malm in the Binstead country. 

 Holybourne Froyle and Bentley form the confluence of the malm 

 or upper greensand, and the line of elevation enters the chalk 

 by Peacombe and Lower Froyle. The chalk succeeds and attains 

 its highest altitude near where Shaldon Copse is to be found in 

 the Ordnance map, and is continued westerly in a broad expanse 

 of highlands, marked in the Ordnance Map by the names of Lips- 

 comb, Ellisfield, Dummer and Popham. From this line, the coun- 

 tiy declines gently northward by South Warnborough, Uptongrey 

 and Hackwood Park ; and southward into a well-marked syn- 

 chnal valley running westward from Alton to Axford and Wood- 

 mancote. At this part of the line Dummer Farm and Popham 

 Farm are on the top of the ridge % . At Popham Beacon it is inter- 



* Trans. Geol. Soc. loc. cit. p. 142. 



t If this is not the same hne of contortion as Peasemarsh, losing much 

 of its intensity west of Farnham, it is a new and independent anticlinal. 

 But Iprefer the former view of the case. 



X This intumescence of the chalk answers very much to that which fol- 

 lows the Winchester line east of Chilcomb. Vide infra. 



