Prof. Muspratt and Mr. J. Danson on Carmufellic Acid. 293 



then {I.) and (m.) will take the respective forms 



x^ + y-\-m-=-0 [n.) 



2/^ + ^ + ?is=0 (o.) 



(16.) The two last equations may be solved thus : — 

 Let 



2/=— 2r(^--r) + (4r)~^ {p.) 



then [n.) and {o) become^ respectively, 



(a;-.r)2 + r2+(4r)"' + m = {q) 



and 



4r2(^— r)2 + r+(4r)""^ + ?i = (r.) 



Form the equation 4r^ X (^O "" (^0^ ^^^ *^® result is 

 4/'4 + r + 4mr2— r-(4r)"^--w = 0, 



which last equation^ being multiplied into 2~V^, gives 



y.6^^y.4_2-2/ir2-2-^=0 (s.) 



a cubic in r^, whence r may be determined. And x may then 

 be obtained from [q.) and ^^ from (w.). 



2 Pump Court, Temple, 

 August 9, 1851. 



XLIV. Ori Carmufellic Acid'^\ By Dr. Sheridan Muspratt, 

 F.R.S,E., Professor of the College of Chemistry, Liverpool, and 

 Joseph Danson, F.C.S., late Assistant in the College'^. 



ALTHOUGH numerous researches connected with eminent 

 names in chemistry prove that the importance of a correct 

 history of the Clove and its derivatives has not escaped conside- 

 ration, still the meagre and indefinite details upon them which 

 are to be found in a few scientific manuals indicate that a very 

 great deal remains yet to be accomplished. The principal results 

 thus far upon cloves are by Dumas J and Ettling§ ; the former 

 upon caryophylline, an indifi'erent substance abstracted from 

 them by alcohol ; the latter upon caryophyllic or eugenic acid, 

 an oily acid obtained from the undeveloped buds of Caryophyllus 

 aromaticus, oil of cloves being a mixture of the acid and a 

 neutral oil. Dumas found the purification of caryophylline ex- 

 tremely difiicult, owing to a resinous body which tenaciously 

 adheres to it, and which after months of investigation he could 

 not remove. It was recently, however, that the following for- 



* From the Arabic, Karmufel, the clove-tree. 



t Communicated by the Authors, having been read before the Royal 

 Society of Edinburgh. 

 % Liebig's Annalen, vol. ix, p. 73. § Ibid. vol. ix. p. 68. 



