English Stratified Rocks below the Old Red Sandstone, fyc. 1 47 



mentioned*. The beds over the calcareous bands are composed of 

 slates and flagstones, hard bands occasionally passing into thick, hard, 

 arenaceous beds of greywacke, &c. It is supposed to end a little to 

 the north of Kendal ; but its upper limit is not defined, and there are 

 no distinct calcareous bands to assist in connecting it with, or sepa- 

 rating it from, the upper division. The fossils derived from the lower 

 portion of this division are Lower Silurian. Among the fossils in the 

 possession of the author, which have as yet been very imperfectly 

 examined, Mr. Lonsdale has found among the corals Catenipora, 

 Porites, Favosites, Ptilodictya, all of known Lower Silurian species, 

 and one or two new species. 



Among the shells are three species of Leptaena and five species of 

 Orthis, all of described Caradoc sandstone species ; in addition to 

 which there are one or two new species of Orthis. With the above 

 are also found Atrypa affinis and A. aspera; also Terebratula bipartita. 

 With the above occur many specimens of Tentaculites annulatus ; also 

 several Trilobites, among which are Asaphus Powisii, Isotelus Bar- 

 riensis, and a new Paradoxite, &c. 



All the above fossils are found in the calcareous slates. 



The Upper division is composed of arenaceous flagstone, with im- 

 perfect slaty bands, and with beds of hard greywacke. It is gene- 

 rally of a grey, bluish- grey, or greenish-grey colour, rarely of a red- 

 dish colour. It has some calcareous portions, but no beds of lime- 

 stone fit for use ; and, near Kirkby Lonsdale, ends with red fossilife- 

 rous and flaggy beds containing concretionary limestone, which are 

 overlaid unconformably by the marls and conglomerates of the old 

 red sandstone. The fossils of the above group (which is of great 

 thickness, though partially repeated by undulations) are of one type. 

 Several species are new, e. g. two or more species of Pterinsea, &c. : 

 but the great majority of specimens, whether from the hills south of 

 Kendal, or from Kirkby Moor, are Upper Silurian ; or in the beds Mr. 

 Murchison places at the base of the old red sandstone (tilestone). 



The following list is made out by Mr. Sowerby from what the 

 author considers a very imperfect collection : — 



Terebratula nucula. 



Orthis lunata. 



Leptaena lata. Very abundant. 



Spirifera interlineata. 



Cypricardia cymbiformis. 



Avicula rectangularis. 



retroflexa. 



Trochus helicites. 



Turbo Williamsii. 



Natica. 



Turritella obsoleta. "J Very 



gregaria. > abun- 



conica. J dant. 



Orthoceras trochleare. 

 Calymene Blumenbachii. 



Cucullsea antiqua. 



Bellerophon trilobatus. 



From the above lists we obtain this definite information, that the 



* When a former abstract was published, the author placed these beds 

 on the parallel of the Bala limestone,' over which the slates of the Ber- 

 wyns and all the Devonian slates were provisionally arranged ; but since 

 the removal of the Devonian system to a place superior to the Silurian, the 

 sections present no real ambiguity. The calcareous slates above described 

 are true Lower Silurian, and not a part of any sub-Silurian group that is 

 represented by the older rocks of South Wales, 



L2 



