74 Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles. 



The white iron can, on the other hand, be brought to assume the 

 aspect and fracture of the gray iron by being frequently heated to 

 whiteness and very gradually cooled down. It would seem, in fact, 

 as though the carbon, in part at least, were held in solution in the 

 molten iron, just as certain salts are in hot water; and that in the 

 gray iron, during the process of cooling, a considerable part had 

 been deposited in an uncombined state, either from its being present 

 in larger quantity or from being more slowly cooled. 



Difference in the per-ceniage of Phosphorus in the Hot and Cold 



Blast Iron. 



I* II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. 



Cold blast.... 0-47 0-41 0-31 0-20 0-21 0-36 0-03 0-36 



Hot blast.... 0-51 0*55 0*50 0-71 0*54 .. 0*07 0-40 



Analysis of Compound separated from the Irons C. I., C. III. and 

 H. VIII. by Hydrochloric Acid. 



C. I. C. Ill 



Carbon 32-36 Carbon 34-51 



Silica 40-00 Silica 22-1 9 



Peroxide of iron IQ'OO Peroxide of iron .... 37'50 



Traces of alumina, lime, &c. Traces of lime. &c. 



Water and loss 8-64 Water 4*70 



100-00 98-90 



C. VIII. 



Carbon 11-76 



Iron 79-52 



Silica, with small quantities of oxide of iron, lime and alumina 9-48 



100-76 



The carbon was determined by combustion with chromate of lead ; 

 the silica, &c. by fusion of the substance with a mixture of nitrate 

 of potash and carbonate of soda. The 9-48 in C. VIII. was what 

 remained on treating the fused ma.ss with acid, evaporating to dry- 

 ness, &c., and was composed as indicated. It will easily be seen 

 that all, or nearly all, the iron in C. I. and C. III. must have been 

 in the state of peroxide, whilst that of C. VIII. must necessarily 

 have existed in the metallic state, or rather as a carburet. With 

 the exception of a minute portion contained as a silicate, Fe^ C'^ 

 would require 73-00 iron for 11-76 carbon. When this substance 

 was ignited for more than an hour over an Argand lamp, it was ap- 

 parently little altered, and was nearly the same in weight. 



The specimens of iron and iron ore were from the Level Iron 

 Works near Dudley, belonging to Lord Ward, and were furnished 

 by his agent, Riciiard Smith, Esq. of the Priory, to whom, as well 

 as to his son, Mr. Frederick Smith, I am greatly indebted for the 



* The first four numbers are taken from the former series before named ; those 

 from V. to VIII. from the present series. They are not numbered as in the 

 Table of Analyses, but it will easily he. seen to which they refer. 



