504 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



[No. 161. 



Sir John de Cobeliam obtained lettei's-patent, 

 10th February, 4 Richard II. (1380-1), "quod 

 ipse mansutn manerii sui de Cowlyng in Comitatu 

 Kancie muro de petra et calce fortificare firmare 

 et kernellare, &c., possit." I have numerous re- 

 ceipts from masons, carpenters, plumbers, &c., for 

 work done at Cowling Castle for Sir John de 

 Cobeham, ranging from 1S74 to 1385. Although 

 the following charter bears date a few years earlier 

 than the letters-patent, does it not suggest that the 

 debt to William of "Wykeham was contracted by 

 Sir John de Cobeham, for plans and architectural 

 designs for his proposed works at Cowling, and 

 furnish a not improbable guess that we may add 

 Cowling to the other works of this great bishop ? 

 Queenborough Castle, situated at no great distance 

 from Cowling, was certainly the work of Wyke- 

 ham. At all events, here is a hint that may be 

 worked out by abler hands than mine. 



Walworth, it appears, was the bishop's agent. 

 I am not awai'e whether any other instance of his 

 signet is known. It is rather less than half an inch 

 in diameter — apparently a signet ring — the device 

 beautifully cut ; a cock crowing, with the legend, 

 " Ter gallus cantat " (cantet ?). 



St. Peter was, I believe, the patron saint of the 

 Fishmongers' Company, of which Walworth was a 

 member ; hence, perhaps, he was induced to adopt 

 this device ; but some of your correspondents, 

 better acquainted with Walworth's history, may 

 supply a more satisfactory suggestion. 



" Sachent touz gents moi Willm Walworth scite- 

 sein & marchaund de Loundres auoir resseu en le 

 nou de hono'able Piere en dieux Euesq. de Wyn- 

 cestre, de mons. John de Cobeham Chir. dil Couute 

 de Kent, Cent marcs desterling en |itie de paiement 

 de deux Cent marcs en les quex la'untdit mons. 

 John est obliges a hono'able Piere en dieux Euesq. 

 de Wyncest' susdite, come une I're obligat' oue les 

 diffesaunces sur icelle, fet plus pleyn mensloii. 

 Des qeux Cent marcs, en :ptie de paiement, come 

 a'unt est dit me reconusse estre paietz et moi a'unt 

 dit Willui come ato'ne la'untdit hono'able Piere 

 Euesq. susdite me conuz p icestis p'sentes de ac- 

 quiter la'untdit mons. John dil paiement de les Cent 

 m'rcs susditz. En tesmoign' de qele chose a ceste 

 Ire acq'tance moi a'untdit Willin Walworth ay mys 

 mon seal. 



" Don' a Loundres, le sezime io' de moys de 

 Julii, Lan du regne le Roy Edward tierce puis 

 conq' quarante oytisme." Lambert B. Larking. 



PLAGIARISM. 



Some remarks on this topic have already ap- 

 peared in " X. & Q.," and I shall be glad of the 

 opinion of more experienced authors than myself 

 on the following case. 



About three months ago I received a note from 



the Rev. C. Badham of Sudbury, Suffolk, wha 

 stated that he had read my Notices of Septdchrat 

 Monuments and Churchyard Manual with much 

 pleasure, and had mentioned the former in his 

 (forthcoming) book on All Saints' Church, Sud- 

 bury, to which he then invited me to subscribe. 

 Consequently I became a subscriber, and last 

 Saturday received a copy of his Avoi-k, accom- 

 panied by a circular, calling on the generosity of 

 the subscribers to increase their subscriptions. I 

 make no comment on this always unsatisfactory 

 procedure, but pass on to the subject of my in- 

 quiry. On looking over Mr. Badham's work, I 

 found at pages 44. 59 — 62., long extracts from my^ 

 book on sepulchral monuments appearing as his 

 own writing, without the slightest acknowledg- 

 ment of the source from which he had derived his 

 information and observations. Occasionally slight 

 changes have been made ; but I ask whether, in 

 such as the following instances, I am not justified 

 in complaining of plagiarism ? 



Kelke's Sepulchral Monuments. Badham's History of All Saints. 



" Additional space was soon 

 required as interments multi- 

 plied, or persons of rank desired 

 separate burial-places for their 

 family. To meet such cases, 

 distinct aisles and chapels were 

 added to churches, and exclu- 

 sively devoted to this purpose, 

 and were oftentimes endowed 

 with an annual stipend in per- 

 petuity, or for a limited period, 

 to ensure the daily services of a 

 priest, to chant requiems for 

 the souls of those buried there, 

 in." — Page 4. 



" This destruction of sepul- 

 chral monuments, which was 

 neither in accordance with the 

 principles of the Reformation, 

 nor sanctioned by its leading 

 promoters, was effectually ar- 

 rested in the second year of 

 Elizabeth's reign, by a proclam- 

 ation commanding the severe 

 punishment of such off'ences. 

 (Weever gives a transcript of 

 the proclamation.) During the 

 Puritanical ascendancy at the 

 Rebellion, the havoc among se- 

 pulchral monuments was more 

 extensive, and sanctioned, or at 

 least not restrained, by the au- 

 thorities of the time." — Pages 

 41, 42. 



Instances of passages which have been copied 

 without the slightest variation might be adduced ; 

 but sufficient has been shown to prove that an act 

 of plagiarism has been committed. Mr. Badham 

 gives me credit, indeed, for two short sentences 

 which occur in pages 61. and 62,; but he simply 

 mentions my name, without reference to the book 

 from which he quotes ; and though the passages 

 before and after these two sentences are from my 

 pen, they appear as the copyist's own. He has 

 also adopted my quotations from Keble, Scott, 

 Petit, Mrs. Tindal, Weever, Roger's Ecclesiastical 

 Laics, and Prideaux. That he has copied my 



" As interments and monu- 

 ments multiplied, and became- 

 inconvenient from the space 

 they occupied, additional room 

 was soon required. To mcef^ 

 such cases, distinct aisles and 

 chapels were added to churches, 

 and exclusively devoted to this 

 purpose; oftentimes, as we have 

 had occasion to notice, with an 

 additional stipend in perpetuity, 

 or for a limited period, to ensure- 

 the services of a priest, to chant 

 requiems for the souls of those 

 buried therein." — Page 44. 



" This destruction of sepul- 

 chral monuments, unsanctioned 

 as it was by the leading pro- 

 moters of the Reformation, was 

 effectually arrested in the second 

 year of Queen Elizabeth, by a 

 proclamation commanding the 

 severe punishment of such of- 

 fences. Weever gives a tran- 

 script of the proclamation. Du- 

 ring the ascendancy of the Puri- 

 tans at the Rebellion, the havoc 

 was extensive, and unrestrained 

 by the authorities of the time." 

 — Page 60. 



