2% A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE 



September. October. November. 



1834. Vapour. Dry. Vapour. Dry. Vapour. Dry. 



London 15 .... 15 20 .... 11 14 .... 16 



Malvern 24 .... 6 22 .... 9 11 .... 19 



TOTAL FOR THE AUTUMN. 



Vapour. Dry. 



London 49 42 



Malvern 57 34 



The mean temperature of the vapour winds during the summer, 

 is, in London, 66.8° and in Malvern, 62.4 ° The mean tempera- 

 ture of the dry, during the same season, is, in London, 64 .2° and in 

 Malvern, 60° In the autumn the mean temperature of the vapour 

 winds, is, in London .53.4 ° in Malvern, 53.6° The mean tempera- 

 ture of the dry, during the same season, is, in London, 49.4 ° in 

 Malvern, 47° So that the southerly winds in autumn at Malvern 

 arc rather warmer than in London. 



The mean temperature of a climate, is generally regarded as made 

 up of the average impression of the sun due to its latitude upon the 

 surface of the globe. But in considering the climate of any place in 

 Great Britain, this statement must be taken with some limitation 5 

 according to it, the cloudy days would always be the coldest, but 

 during the winter season in this country, it is not generally so ; on 

 the contrary, the south west winds bring up large and copious 

 accessions of vapour of a high constituent temperature, warming 

 the air, and raising the thermometer j at the same time thick clouds 

 form, and everywhere obscure the sky, accompanied very often 

 with large quantities of rain ; on the other hand, with north- 

 easterly winds, the atmosphere is frequently freed from cloud, the 

 sun shines brilliantly for days together, but the temperature in the 

 shade is many degrees below the cloudy, damp, and vapourous 

 breeze from the south-west. During the winter we have very 

 frequently observed the maximum of the thermometer at eleven or 

 twelve at night, or even one or two in the morning, a result that 

 can only be due to a change of wind, and the consequent accession 

 of warm vapour. In a clear sky, during the winter, the earth 

 radiates heat, even in the middle of the day, almost as fast as it 

 receives it, so that the temperature, in the shade, during a bright 

 day at this season, advances but little 5 but warm vapour and 

 dense clouds not only prevent the earth's radiating its heat, but 

 bring with them a positive warmth. 



The following circumstances must not be overlooked with 

 reference to the climate of this country, for they have a most 

 important influence. On the north is the Arctic Ocean, with its 

 icebergs j on the north-east the frozen shores of Lapland, and the 

 intensely cold mountainous regions of Sweden and Norway ; on the 

 east, the vast continent of Europe j on the south, the Atlantic, and 

 the western shores of Europe 3 on the south-west, the ocean only j 

 and on the west and north-west, the continent of America, and the 

 North Atlantic. . 



