"9X6 Oft tht Properties of Wind InflrumenU, 



I had once a terjr fmall metallic flute or fife which would play any two notes in" the fiift 

 tind fecond' oftave which were oftaves to each other, both together, and when It was rightly 

 blown they were perfedtly in tune. The found hole was elliptical, and rather wide, and 

 its edges were (harp. The holes for the fingers were wide, and the fides of the pipe wert 

 thin.' •;•■-■ .:!(.-■;■,■ 



I fliallnijw proceed to explain the method of tranfpofimg the key of an air on the German 

 flute without any material alteration in the mode of fingering. 



If one end of a round pipe, which is one-fifth of an inch in diameter, and two inches 

 and an half long, be inferted into the fide of a German flute, about one inch and three 

 quarters nearer the found hole than the aperture, which is ufually clofed by the foremoft 

 Erig^ 6f the left hand, all the founds in the loweft oftave from C to B will be raifed half a 

 tone while both its ends are open, and all, or any of them, may be reftored to the original 

 pitch by only clofing its exterior orifice. 



If the end of another pipe, which is rather wider than the former, and one inch and an 

 half long, be inferted into the flute between, and equally diftant from, the fourth and fifth 

 holes from the found iiole, thefe founds of the fecond oftave C, D, E, will be raifed nearly 

 half a tone, j Whi9n;C;ii,^roduced, only the fecond hole from the found hole (hould be 

 open. -^1 i!j,!:/ : ■:. ;.\X: c.a ■:■■■•. \ ■■' ■ \. ■ 



JOf the end; of a tbird pipe, which is one quarter of an inch in diameter, and one inch 

 long, be inferted into the flute at the fame diftance from the found hole as the neareft 

 aperturebut one, all the HoteS in the fecond otSlave between C and C will be raifed half a 

 tone when all the three pipes ate open. •' ' 



To reduce this to pradice: Let the fir fl pipe be fc> laid by the fide of the flut« that the 

 end which opens into the external air may be clofed by the thumb of the left hand ; and let 

 the othpr two pipes be fo difpofed that their ends may be clofed by two valves or keys, which 

 may be both opened at once by either the thumb or the little finger of the left hand. 



Fig. 5 reprefents a German flute of the common fize, which is chiefly conftrudted of tin 

 and copper, and has the three additional pipes. A fei£l;ion of it is delineated in Fig. 6. 

 The places oftlie hoks-for the fingers are there numbered i,a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, There is a 

 turn in the tube between the fixth and feventh holes, in order that the fevCnth may be clofed 

 by the litttefiAger of theiright'hahd inftead ofiailtey; ' The three pipes are arranged in the 

 order that has' been recommended. That for (harping the notes of the lower odlave is 

 •clofed by the thumb, and the other two by keys, which are delineated in Fig. 5. 



The flute is rather ftraighter zt the turn than in any other part, when it was not con-' 

 trafteri between the (ixth and feventh holes; forne of the foui^ds in the fecond o£i:ave, par- 

 ticularly F (harp and G,' wereputontiof tunciwHKen the feventh hole was clofed. 

 - -When the above-mentioned pipesJare added to flutes made of wood, they may either be 

 let into the material, .or fornied by making grooves in the fide of the inftrument after it 

 is lined with a jnetallic tube: thefe grooves may then be covered with pieces of metal, to 

 which may be fixed the keys. 



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