82 REVIEWS. 



that, whether old or new, our relish for the present work was not des- 

 troyed by the possession of the original one. 



The principal variations from the first edition are 1st, A much more 

 full introduction, " containing the general characteristics of the butterfly 

 tribes in greater detail than in the original work ;" 2ndly, An entirely fresh 

 set of plates, drawn by the author, which, however, scarcely equal the other 

 in finish or accuracy of colouring ; 3rdly, " Two elementary plates, devoted 

 to the illustration of the general characteristics of the butterfly tribes, and 

 containing a great number of microscopical details, both of their perfect 

 and preparatory states, which, in conjunction with the full description given 

 of these two plates, it is hoped, will be of great service to the entomolo- 

 gical tyro," which, we think, will fulfil the hopes of the author, and deserve 

 to do so; 4thly, The Index Expurgatorius, at the end, is greatly in- 

 creased ; in the first edition, it was modest, and contained but six species ; 

 it now numbers no less than forty-three, among which figure many 

 species admitted into the original work, but now regarded as doubtful, or 

 only varieties of other species. This index in the re-issue takes the form of 

 an " Appendix of reputed British Butterflies." Besides these, there are 

 admitted of greater precision e.g., Pieris Chariclea, P. Metra, and P. Sa- 

 bellicje are treated as undoubted varieties of Brassiere, Rapsa, and Napi 

 respectively ; while in the former edition it was left in each case, at 

 many minor alterations in the body of the work, as advanced science 

 least, an open question. One error, however, and an amusing one, has 

 been left unaltered, and has even, with one author at least (Mr. Morris), 

 been regarded as an authority. We are told that G. Rhamni varies from 



2 inches to 3^ inches in expansion of the wings i.e., it sometimes attains 

 a size exceeding by |ths of an inch the largest dimensions given for P, 

 Brassica3, and equals the average of P. Machaon, which is said to vary 

 from 3 inches to 3 and nearly |ths. The blunder arose from a miscon- 

 ception of Stephens's description, " 2 inc. 3 6 lines i.e., from 2 inches 



3 lines to 2 inches 6 lines. That Mr. Westwood should have not only 

 made the mistake at first, but repeated it in the re-issue, is odd enough ; 

 but that Mr. Morris should have deliberately adopted it is truly surprising. 



The introduction in the present edition is divided into six sections, of 

 which the original introduction forms the first, while the fifth consists of 

 " directions for collecting and rearing caterpillars and preserving the perfect 

 insect," mainly taken from the chapter on that subject, appended by Mr. 

 Humphreys to the original edition. The remaining sections are new, and 

 greatly enhance the general interest of the work. The second is headed 

 " Characters of the Rhopalocera, Lepidoptera, Diurna, or Butterflies in 



