CYPERACEAE. 61 



VIGNEAE. 



I. Spike single, androgynous* or unisexual. 



Perigynia erect, with the hyaline beak split on the convex face. 



2. NEUROCHLAENAE. 



Perigynia spreading at maturity, spongious at the base with a serrate bidentate 

 beak. 5. C. gynocrates. 



II. Spikes several. 



A. Beak of the perigynium entire, truncate or oblique. 



Spikes remote ; perigynia erect, several-nerved ; scales hyaline. 



Spikes green; perigynia not winged. i. BRACHYSTACHYAE. 



Spikes brown; perigynia winged. 21. C. siccata. 

 Spikes sessile in a rounded or ovoid head. 



Perigynia erect, prominently many-nerved. 10. CEPHALOSTACHYAE. 



Perigynia spreading, nerveless or nearly so. n. SPHAEROSTACHYAE. 



B. Beak of perigynium bidentate or in the last split on one side. 



1. Spikes androgynous or dioecious. 



Perigynia elliptic and acuminate to orbicular, faintly nerved or nerveless, 

 slightly spreading, spongious at the base, from green to brownish. 



5- ACANTHOPHORAE. 



Perigynia ovate or lanceolate, nerved. 



Spikes in a dense-flowered spicate inflorescence ; bracts often conspicu- 

 ous ; perigynia not spongious at the base, winged. 



6. XEROCHLAENAE. 



Spikes in an interrupted spicate inflorescence ; bracts inconspicuous ; 

 perigynia spongious at the base. 7. PHAENOCARP^E. 



2. Spikes gynaecandrous.f 

 Perigynia wingless. 



Spikes silvery to light green, remote ; perigynia membranous, light green, 



erect. 3. ARGYRANTHAE. 



Spikes brownish. 



Perigynia spreading, spongious at the base ; spikes in a spicate inflo- 

 rescence. 4. ASTROSTACHYAE. 

 Perigynia erect ; spikes in an oval or rounded head. 



23. C. Bonplandii. 

 Perigynia winged. 



Perigynia lanceolate to ovate, narrowly winged ; scales brownish. 



8. ATHROSTACHYAE. 



Perigynia ovate to nearly orbicular, broadly winged ; scales green to 

 light brown. 9. PTEROCARPAE. 



CARICES GENUINAE. 



I. Perigynia neither inflated nor tapering into a long beak. 



A. Spike solitary. 



Perigynia glabrous ; beak not ciliate. 



Perigynia erect or in C. obtusata horizontally bent. 



Perigynia greenish. 16. LEIOCHLAENAE. 



Perigynia brown. 



Achenes terete. 19. LAMPROCHLAENAE. 



Achenes triquetrous. 34. C. Parryana. 



Perigynia reflexed. 17. ATHROCHLAENAE. 



Perigynia pubescent or at least the beak ciliate. 



Perigynia membranous ; scales very broad and scarious-margined ; bracts 



not foliaceous. 20. ELYNANTHAE. 



Perigynia not membranous ; scales narrow, acuminate ; bracts more or less 

 foliaceous. 58. C. scirpoidea and 59. C. oreocharis. 



B. Spikes several. 



*Staminate above, pistillate below, 

 f Pistillate above, staminate below. 



