234 VIOLACEAE. 



Viola canadensis scopulorum A. Gray. (V. scopulorum Greene) Colo, and 

 N. M. Low, tufted and spreading, more or less pubescent ; the stipules very 

 large, scarious. Horsetooth Gulch. 



14. Viola retroscabra Greene. Mountains, Colo, and N. M. to southern 

 Calif. Alt. 6000-10,000 ft. Grayback mining camps; Cerro Summit; Cameron 

 Pass; Cimarron ; Mancos ; along Uncompahgre River near Ouray; Brecken- 

 ridge ; Bob Creek ; West Indian Creek ; Pagosa Springs ; Minturn, Eagle Co. ; 

 mountain near Veta Pass; Chambers' Lake; mountains of Estes Park, 

 Larimer Co. 



15. Viola bellidifolia Greene. High mountains, Wyo. and Colo. Alt. Sooo- 

 12,000 ft. Marshall Pass ; Slide Rock Canon, West La Plata Mountains ; 

 Alpine Tunnel; Bob Creek Divide; Graymont; Cameron Pass; Columbine; 

 mountains of Estes Park; Chambers' Lake; Red Mountain; Gunnison; source 

 of Leroux, Delta Co. ; Eldora to Baltimore ; summit of North Park Range, 

 Larimer Co. ; Rabbit-Ear Range, Routt Co. 



2. CALCEOLARIA Loefl. NODDING VIOLET. 



i. Calceolaria verticillaria (Ortega) Kuntze. (lonidium polygalae folium 

 Vent.; lonidium linear e Torr.) Plains, Colo, and Kans. to Tex., Ariz, and 

 Mex. Brantly Canon, Las Animas Co. ; Canon City. 



Order 35. OPUNTIALES. 



Sepals and petals 4 or 5 very unlike ;* leaves ample ; plants erect, not succulent, 

 with rigid hairs. 92. LOASACEAE. 



Sepals and petals nearly alike, at least the latter numerous ; leaves typically and 

 in all ours mere scales or wanting ; succulent plants armed with spines. 



93. CACTACEAE. 



Family 92. LOASACEAE Reichenb. LOASA FAMILY. 



Placentae with horizontal lamellae between the seeds ; these in two rows, 



flat, more or less winged. i. TOUTEREA. 



Placentae without lamellae ; seeds usually prismatic. 



Placentae slender, filiform; ovules in one row, 10-40; seeds minutely muricate, 

 not striate ; filaments free or nearly so. 2. ACROLASIA. 



Placentae broad, band-like ; ovules in 1-2 rows, few ; seeds distinctly striate, 

 often rugose ; filaments at the base united with the petals into a ring. 



3. MENTZELIA. 



i. TOUTEREA Eat. & Wright. 



Upper leaves entire. i. T. multicaulis. 



All leaves pinnatifid, lobed or toothed. 



Petals obtuse, spatulate, 1-2 cm. long. 2. T. multinora. 



Petals acute. 



Petals greenish-yellow ; seeds irregularly angled on the face. 



3. T. lutea. 



Petals golden yellow to straw color ; seeds not angular on the face. 

 Petals golden yellow, about 2 cm. long or less. 



Low, less than 3 dm. high ; leaves less than 6 cm. long. 



Seeds merely margined. 4- T. chrysantha. 



Seeds winged. 



* Many species of Touterea have petaloid staminodia of which the outer 5 

 sometimes are as broad as the petals and resemble them. 



