Megatherium in North and South America. 193 



lantic border in the Carolinas and in Georgia belong to the same 

 group, the identical species of Mastodon and elephant being in both 

 cases associated with the horse, and while we have the Mylodon and 

 Megatherium in Georgia, the Megalonyx is stated by several authors 

 to have been found at Bigbone Lick*. 



2. On both sides of the Appalachian chain, the fossil shells, 

 whether land or freshwater, accompanying the bones of Mastodons, 

 agree with species of Mollusca now inhabiting the same regions. 



3. Under similar circumstances Mr. Darwin found the Mastodon 

 and horse in Entre Rios, near the Plata, and the Megatherium, Me- 

 galonyx and Mylodon, together with the horse, in Bahia Blanca in 

 Patagonia ; these South American remains being shown by their 

 geological position to be of later date than certain marine Newer 

 Pliocene, and Post-pliocene strata. Mr. Darwin also ascertained 

 that some extinct animals of the same group are more modern in 

 Patagonia than the drift with erratics. 



4. The extinct quadrupeds before alluded to in the United States 

 lived after the deposition of the northern drift, and consequently the 

 coldness of climate which probably coincided in date with the trans- 

 portation of the drift, was not as some pretend the cause of their 

 extinction. 



[* One of the conclusions to which the facts narrated by 

 Mr. J. Hamilton Cooper, in his paper [ante, p. 189) on fossil 

 bones found in Georgia, lead, is " the co-existence of the 

 megatherium with the mammoth, mastodon, horse, bison, and 

 hippopotamus." Mr. Lyell states, above, the co-existence of 

 the elephant (mammoth) and mastodon with the horse in the 

 Bigbone Lick and in the Carolinas ; and also, on the authority 

 of Mr. Darwin, that of the mastodon and horse near the 

 Plata, and of the megatherium, megalonyx, mylodon, and 

 horse in Patagonia. A parallel case, to a certain extent, is 

 afforded in the extreme north of the American continent, by 

 the association in Eschscholtz Bay, of bones of the elephant 

 (mammoth), bison (urus), musk-ox, deer, and horse ; and if 

 the writer of this note be correct in assigning to the megathe- 

 rium a cervical vertebra, hitherto unappropriated, in the col- 

 lection from Eschscholtz Bay, the parallelism of the case there 

 presented with that occurring in Georgia will be very close ; 

 since in both localities we shall then have the co-existence of 

 the megatherium, mammoth, horse, and bison. And further, 

 the megatherium will then appear to have extended from the 

 extreme south (Patagonia) to the extreme north (Eschscholtz 

 Bay) of the New World; and to have been associated, through- 

 out its range, with the horse, if not indeed with the other 

 mammalia here enumerated. The former association, ill Ame- 

 rica, of mammalia almost universally distributed, at some geo- 

 logical period, over Asia and Europe, but the living analogues 



Phil. Mag. S. 3. Vol. 23. No. 151. Sept. 1843. O 



