2"<« s. V. 120., AruiL 17. '58.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 



323 



nature to choose. It receives in the fords and shallows of 

 a rapid river many a rough blow from the sticks and 

 pebbles carried down in times of flood, and occasionally 

 from the feet of men and animals that cross the stream 

 during droughts, and the blows induce the morbid secre- 

 tions, of which pearls are the result. There seems to 

 exist no inherent cause why Anadon cygnea, with its 

 beautiful silvery nacre — as bright often, and always more 

 delicate, than that of Unio Margaritifems — should not 

 be equally productive of pearls ; but secure from violence 

 in its still pools and lakes, and unexposed to the circum- 

 stances that provoke abnormal secretions, it does not pro- 

 duce a single pearl for every hundred that are ripened 

 into value and beauty by the exposed, current-tossed 

 UmonidcB of our rapid mountain rivers. Would that 

 hardship and suffering bore alwaj'S in a creature of a 

 greatly higher family similar results, and that the hard 

 buffets dealt him by fortune in the rough stream of life 

 could be transmitted, by some blessed internal pre-dis- 

 position of his nature, into pearls of great price " (p. 201. ; 

 Constable's edition). 



The pearl-oyster, I think, is entirely confined to 

 the seas of the tropics. E. E. Byng. 



SIR OLIVER LEADER. 



(2°'i S. iv. 410. 440. 479. ; v. 96.) 



Sir Oliver Leader was probably originally a 

 citizen of London : for a person of his name oc- 

 curs in the list of the Fishmongers' Company, 

 1537. (Herbert's City Companies, vol. ii. p. 6.) 

 When sheriff of Huntingdonshire the second time 

 he acted a most charitable part towards Thomas 

 Mowntayne, late rector of St. Michael, Tower 

 Royal, whom he had previously known. Mown- 

 tayne accompanied the Duke of Northumberland 

 to Cambridge in the army raised for Queen Jane, 

 and had not been included in Queen Mary's par- 

 don. On this pretence he was without trial sent 

 doT*n to Cambridge by Bishop Gardiner, in order 

 to suffer death as a traitor and heretic, unless he 

 could be frightened into recantation. He was 

 delivered with much ceremony by the Knight 

 Marshal's men (having been removed from the 

 prison of the Marshalsea) to the custody of Sir 

 Oliver Leader : who is described as *' a man «f 

 much worship, and one that keepeth a good house." 

 Sir Oliver was at mass when Mowntayne came, 



. but as soon as his arrival was announced, 



• 

 " with speed both he and my lady his wife departed out 

 of church, and the priest followed them, like a sort of 

 sheep, staring and wondering at me. The sheriff gently 

 took me by the hand, and led me into a fair parlour, de- 

 siring me to stand to the fire and warm me, for we were 

 all through wet with rain, snctw, and hail. Then to 

 dinner we went, and great cheer I had, with many wel- 

 comes, and oftentimes drunk to, both by the sheriff him- 

 self, and the rest of his friends." 



Lady Leader was anxious to retain Mowntayne 

 in more pleasant custody than Cambridge Castle 

 was likely to prove ; but Sir Oliver most courte- 

 ously replied to her — 



" Good Madam, I praj' you be contented. If I should do 



so, I know not how it would be taken. You know not so 

 much as I do in this matter ; but what friendship I can 

 shew him he shall surely have it, for your sake, and for 

 his own too, for I have known him long, and am very 

 sorry for his trouble." 



Sir Oliver nobly kept his word : for though he 

 was disappointed in his efforts to make the here- 

 tic change his creed, when some time after he was 

 again brought to Sir Oliver's house in order to 

 effect that object, yet when the sessions arrived, 

 he not only kindly spoke in his favour to the 

 judges, but rendered him more effectual service 

 by forgetting to bring to the court the writ by 

 which he had received him. Mowntayne conse- 

 quently escaped for want of prosecutors ; though 

 another unfortunate man, John HuUier, vicar of 

 Babraham, with whom he was brought to the bar, 

 was shortly after burned upon Jesus' Green at 

 Cambridge. Mowntayne's own story is one of 

 those which will appear in the volume of " Nar- 

 ratives of the Days of the Reformation" which I 

 am now editing for the Camden Society. 



John Gough Nichols. 



The Missalin Latin and English Ql"^^ S. iii.213., 

 v. 246. 285.)— This translation is said to be by Mr. 

 Cordell, and it is supposed to have been printed at 

 Newcastle 1737-8. Can any of your readers favour 

 me with an authority either for the translator or 

 place of printing ? It is in four handsome duodeci- 

 mo volumes, evidently printed privately in perse- 

 cuting times. On comparing the translation of 

 quotations from the sacred Scriptures with the 

 Rhemes and Douay versions, I found many seri- 

 ous variations ; and upon looking to the Latin, it 

 is evidently not that of Jerome or the Vulgate, 

 but from some, probably, earlier Latin translation 

 used in the church before that of Jerome. See 

 the III. Sunday in Advent ; and in the Introit, 

 erroneously spelt Inttoit, Philip, c. iv., there are 

 omitted these words, " et obsecratione cum gra- 

 tiarum actione," which are to be found in all the 

 Vulgate Latin New Testaments. Of course they 

 are also omitted in the translation. The same 

 variations are found in the elegant Missal by 

 Junta, Venitiis 1596-7. It probably is so in all 

 Missals. Previous Bulls of Sixtus V. and Cle- 

 ment Vlir. had decreed that the Vulgate Latin 

 text should be considered the standard in all con- 

 troversies. I am at a loss to know why these 

 discrepancies should be permitted to continue in 

 use in the church. I possess an extremely beau- 

 tiful ancient "Biblia Manuscripta" in folio, which 

 was presented to the Library at llbenstadt by 

 Arnold, an early Count of Bentheim, which has a 

 double version of the Psalms, that by Jerome and 

 the earlier version side by side, the latter having 

 the 151st Psalm of David, a beautiful composi- 



