318 



NOTES AND QUERIES. [2-^ s. v. 120., Apbil 17. '58. 



cross in the churchyard, which had been for many ages 

 the most noted and solemn place in this nation for the 

 gravest divines and greatest scholars to preach at, was, 

 ^ith the rest of the crosses about London and Westmin- 

 ster, by further order of the said parliament, pulled down 

 to the ground." 



Headhje. — In the Annual Register for 1772, 

 p. 141., are " Certayne Questyons, wyth Aun- 

 ts weres to the same, concernynge the Mystery of 

 Maconryc, wrytenne by the Hande of Kynge 

 Ilenrye the Sixthe of the Name," in which it is 

 stated that masonry consists, among other things, 

 of " the trew manere of faconynge al thynges for 

 mannes use ; headlye, dwellynges, and buyldynges 

 of alle kyndes." What is the meaning of " head- 

 lye?" , J. H. A. Bone. 



Cleveland (0.), U. S. 



[In modern language the passage reads as follows: 

 " Masonry consists of the true manner of forming or 

 fashioning all things for man's use, chiefly, dwellings and 

 buildings of all kinds." It is a quotation from The Life 

 of John Leland, YlTl, p. 97. The word " headlye " is 

 not, however, to be found in Nares's Glossary, Halli- 

 Avell's Archaic Dictionary, or in Dr. Richardson's English 

 Dictionary. ] 



WAS JOHN BUNYAN A GIPSY ? 



(2"'i S. iv. 465. ; v. 15.) 



I certainly feel gratified to learn from Mb. 

 OrroR, that, in his edition of Bunyan's Wo7-ks, he 

 has asserted that the illustrious pilgrim was of 

 gipsy connexion ; but I feel dissatisfied that he 

 should impute to me such a sentiment as that " I 

 imagine I am the first to assert that Bunyan's 

 father was a gipsy." In my article I neither said 

 that I was the first nor last to advance the theory 

 that Bunyan was a gipsy ; but that " religious 

 writers have striven to make out that he was not 

 a gipsy." Nor did I say that it was " probable 

 our great dreamer followed his father s footsteps 

 xintil he became a miracle of mercyT From this 

 last expression, one would conclude that Bunyan 

 was a gipsy up to the time of his conversion ; but 

 that after that, he " ceased to be a gipsy." How 

 strange it is that an intelligent person should so 

 little understand what a gipsy is. He evidently 

 can form no idea of a gipsy being anything but a 

 creature of "habit." What must be the idea that 

 passes through his mind when I tell him that 

 there are gipsies in every sphere of life in Scot- 

 land — even barristers, clergymen, and gentlemen ! 

 It is vexing to think how stupid the mind of man 

 is in regard to this gipsy question. How easy is 

 it not to distinguish between a question of race, 

 blood, and language, and this thing called " habit." 

 If Bunyan was a gipsy, he never could cease to be 

 a gipsy : for race, blood, ^nd language, do not 

 change with habit. 



The gipsies in England, since perhaps the time 

 of Henry VIII. or Queen Elizabeth, have always 

 been keeping amoving out of the tent. Does it 

 not occur to a person of the least reflection to ask 

 what becomes of such gipsies as they leave the 

 tent ? A child would naturally conclude that 

 they "ceased to be gipsies" as they left the tent; 

 but a person of mature mind would conclude that 

 they and their descendants were as much gipsies 

 out of the tent as in it ; the tent being nothing 

 but the first stage of the gipsy's existence. 



To give you a specimen of an English gipsy, I 

 may mention a family of them living in the State 

 of New Jersey, with whom I am well acquainted. 

 The father is only one-eighth gipsy in point of 

 blood ; his father having been an ordinary Eng- 

 lishman who was employed as a servant with an 

 English gipsy carrying on an extensive business, 

 and got married to a quadroon gipsy. This man, 

 to all appearance an ordinary Englishman, mar- 

 ried a gipsy of seven-eighths blood ; thus making 

 his children half gipsies. One of his sons and 

 daughters are perfectly English to appearance. 

 But they all speak gipsy ; and having had their 

 minds completely cast in a gipsy mould, they are 

 members of gipsydom, and hold themselves to be 

 as much gipsies, barring the fulness of the blood, 

 as the darkest gipsies in England. The son is a 

 smart intelligent fellow, and is a medical licen- 

 tiate, for I have seen his diploma. 



Among an infinite variety of occupations, I find 

 that in England there are gipsies who are consta- 

 bles, and even detectives. Altogether, there can- 

 not be less than 250,000 gipsies of all kinds in the 

 British Isles. But such is the dreadful prejudice 

 towards the name of gipsy, that every one of the 

 race who can do it hides his nationality from the 

 rest of the world. All that can be said of the 

 gipsy race in England is, that there are certain 

 families who have not been crossed with the white 

 blood, as far as is known ; but that, with these 

 exceptions, the race is dreadfully mjxed and ex- 

 ceedingly numerous. J. S. 



New York. 



SAMUEL WARD. 



(2"'J S. iv. 190.) 



There is a notice of this divine and his con- 

 nections in Surtees' History of Durham, vol. iv. 

 The sermons of this once famous minister are now 

 rarely to be met with. I possess two of them : — 



1. " Woe to Drunkards. A Sermon by Samuel Ward, 

 preacher of Ipswich. London. Printed by John Gris- 

 mand. 1627. 12mo." 



The curious engraved title has been noticed 

 elsewhere. 



2. " Jethro's Justice of Peace. A Sermon preached at 



