CONTENTS 
xi 
presence of the reindeer south of its existing range — Evidences 
of a southern fauna in the north and of its gradual southward 
retreat — Helicina — Turkeys and the Florida parrot—On the 
dispersal of fresh-water mussels — Eelicts of the past — Bony-pike 
and bow-fin — The blind fauna of America. . . . 144-166 
CHAPTER VIII 
THE SOUTH-EASTERN STATES AND BERMUDA 
On the vegetation and general features of Florida—The geological 
history of Florida—On the reptiles and amphibians of the south¬ 
east—The south-east as a centre of dispersal—The terrestrial 
mollusks of Florida — On scorpions and dragon-flies—Alligators 
and crocodiles, their origin and past history — The fauna of 
Bermuda island — The geology and flora of Bermuda—The birds 
and their origin — -Terrestrial isopods, spiders and the land 
nemertean worm Geonemertes — On the snails of Bermuda and 
their ancestors — The origin of the Bermudan fauna . 167-195 
CHAPTER IX 
SOUTH-WESTERN NORTH AMERICA AND ITS FAUNA 
On the so-called “ Sonoran Region ” — The palaeogeography of 
California and the adjoining States — On the western insecti- 
vores—On horned toads and burrowing lizards—Discontinuous 
distribution of some western toads — The snails of California— 
The fauna of lower California and its Cape region — On the 
European element of the Californian fauna as illustrated by the 
mollusks, butterflies and ants — The crayfishes of the south¬ 
west and their origin — Various faunistic problems—On mam¬ 
malian affinities—The American rabbits and their relations — 
The former Atlantic land connections between the New World 
and the Old, supported by the evidence derived from Tertiary 
mammals — Conclusions ....... 196-232 
CHAPTER X 
THE FAUNA OF CENTRAL AMERICA 
The fishes of Central America and their origin—On the geology and 
palaeogeography of Central America—Importance of deter¬ 
mining the age of Central America—Evidence derived from a 
study of the marine faunas—On the faunistic affinities between 
North and South America—The flora of Central America— 
Monkeys and raccoons—On birds, tortoises and snakes—The 
